▶ 교회 Church. 

This English word is said to be derived from the Greek κυριακός , which signifies 'pertaining to the Lord,' and is commonly used both for an association of professing Christians, and for the building in which they worship. It is the scriptural use of the word ἐκκλησία, or 'assembly,' that is here under consideration.

The word is used in reference to Israel in the N.T. on one occasion in Acts 7:38, and to a Gentile throng in Acts 19:32, 41. Its first occurrence in relation to Christianity is in Matt. 16:18, where upon Peter's confession that Jesus was the Son of the living God, the Lord rejoins, "upon this rock I will build my assembly," etc. Historically this spiritual building, (for 'building' never refers to a material edifice) was begun after His death and resurrection, when the Holy Ghost descended at the day of Pentecost. In this aspect of the church there is no room for any failure — the "gates of hades shall not prevail against it." It is what Christ Himself effects by His Spirit in souls, and it contemplates the full and final result. In 1 Peter 2:4, 5 we have the progressive work, "ye also as living stones are being built up a spiritual house," etc. The idea of 'building' here supposes a work so wrought that souls become conscious of forming part of the dwelling place of God, and are rendered able to offer up spiritual sacrifices as a holy priesthood.

(행07:38 시내산에서 말하던 그 천사와 및 우리 조상들과 함께 광야 교회에 있었고 또 생명의 도를 받아 우리에게 주던 자가 이 사람이라 

(행19:32, 41 32 사람들이 외쳐 혹은 이 말을, 혹은 저 말을 하니 모인 무리가 분란하여 태반이나 어찌하여 모였는지 알지 못하더라 41 이에 그 모임을 흩어지게 하니라 

(마16:18 또 내가 네게 이르노니 너는 베드로라 내가 이 반석 위에 내 교회를 세우리니 음부의 권세가 이기지 못하리라 

(벧전02:4-5 4 사람에게는 버린 바가 되었으나 하나님께는 택하심을 입은 보배로운 산 돌이신 예수에게 나아와 5 너희도 산 돌 같이 신령한 집으로 세워지고 예수 그리스도로 말미암아 하나님이 기쁘게 받으실 신령한 제사를 드릴 거룩한 제사장이 될지니라

But there is an aspect of the assembly as a building in which it is viewed in relation to human responsibility, and where consequently human failure has left its unmistakable mark. In 1 Cor. 3. the apostle speaks of himself as a wise master-builder, who has well laid the foundation, which is 'Christ Jesus;' but he adds that 'others build thereupon,' and warns every one to take heed how he does so. Here may be found 'wood, hay, stubble,' as well as 'gold, silver, precious stones.' Men may 'corrupt the temple of God,' and alas! this has been done only too effectually, professing Christendom being the outcome of it. But this aspect of it must in no way be confounded with that which Christ builds, where no failure is found.


There is also another view of the church or assembly as the body and the bride of Christ. Eph. 1:22, 23; Eph. 5:26, 27. By one Spirit believers are baptised into one body. 1 Cor. 12:13. They are God's "workmanship, created in Christ Jesus unto good works. . . . ." Eph. 2:10. There is the effectual operation of God in quickening them with Christ, in raising them (Jews and Gentiles) up together, and making them to sit together in heavenly places in Christ. They are livingly united to the Head in heaven by the Spirit of God. This body is on earth that the graces of the Head may be displayed in it. His people are to put on, as the elect of God, holy and beloved, bowels of compassion, kindness, lowliness, meekness, longsuffering, etc. Col. 3:12-17. It is the mystery hidden throughout the ages, but now revealed, in order that to the principalities and powers in the heavenlies might be known through the assembly the all various wisdom of God. Eph. 3:9, 10. The assembly will be eventually presented by Christ to Himself as His bride, without spot or wrinkle or any such thing. There can be no false members of Christ's body, and no spot or wrinkle in His bride. Those united to Him are 'all of one' with the sanctifier Himself; they are 'His brethren;' they derive from the corn of wheat which has fallen into the ground and died, and which has borne much fruit. Heb. 2.; John 12:24. Moreover the assembly is one. Eph. 4:4; 1 Cor. 12:13. There is not another.

(엡1:22-23 22 또 만물을 그 발 아래 복종하게 하시고 그를 만물 위에 교회의 머리로 주셨느니라 23 교회는 그의 몸이니 만물 안에서 만물을 충만케 하시는 자의 충만이니라

(엡05:26-27 26 이는 곧 물로 씻어 말씀으로 깨끗하게 하사 거룩하게 하시고 27 자기 앞에 영광스러운 교회로 세우사 티나 주름잡힌 것이나 이런 것들이 없이 거룩하고 흠이 없게 하려 하심이니라

(고전12:13 우리가 유대인이나 헬라인이나 종이나 자유자나 다 한 성령으로 세례를 받아 한 몸이 되었고 또 다 한 성령을 마시게 하셨느니라

(엡02:10 우리는 그의 만드신 바라 그리스도 예수 안에서 선한 일을 위하여 지으심을 받은 자니 이 일은 하나님이 전에 예비하사 우리로 그 가운데서 행하게 하려 하심이니라


(엡03:9-10 9 영원부터 만물을 창조하신 하나님 속에 감취었던 비밀의 경륜이 어떠한 것을 드러내게 하려 하심이라 10 이는 이제 교회로 말미암아 하늘에서 정사와 권세들에게 하나님의 각종 지혜를 알게 하려 하심이니


(요12:24 내가 진실로 진실로 너희에게 이르노니 한 알의 밀이 땅에 떨어져 죽지 아니하면 한 알 그대로 있고 죽으면 많은 열매를 맺느니라

(엡04:4 몸이 하나이요 성령이 하나이니 이와 같이 너희가 부르심의 한 소망 안에서 부르심을 입었느니라

(고전12:13 우리가 유대인이나 헬라인이나 종이나 자유자나 다 한 성령으로 세례를 받아 한 몸이 되었고 또 다 한 성령을 마시게 하셨느니라

If division has come in on every hand, as it did at Corinth, faith will still recognise that the body is one, and will maintain the truth of it. Gifts were bestowed on the assembly, and will be acknowledged as such by faith, and their exercise welcomed in whatever feebleness. If the assembly has become like a great house, where there are vessels of gold and silver, as well as of wood and of earth (2 Tim. 2:20), the believer is encouraged to purge himself from the latter — the dishonourable vessels — that he may be a vessel unto honour, sanctified and meet for the Master's use, and prepared unto every good work. He is taught in scripture how to behave himself in the house of God, which is the assembly of the living God, the pillar and ground of truth. 1 Tim. 3:15.

(딤후02:20 큰 집에는 금과 은의 그릇이 있을 뿐 아니요 나무와 질그릇도 있어 귀히 쓰는 것도 있고 천히 쓰는 것도 있나니

(딤전03:15 만일 내가 지체하면 너로 하나님의 집에서 어떻게 행하여야 할 것을 알게 하려 함이니 이 집은 살아 계신 하나님의 교회요 진리의 기둥과 터이니라

It must be carefully observed that the churches or assemblies at Jerusalem, Corinth, Rome, etc., were not separate or independent organisations, as in the modern idea of the Church of Rome, the Greek Church, the Church of England, and so on. There was only one assembly, the Church of God, though expressed in different localities, in which indeed there were local office bearers, as elders and deacons, and where also discipline was locally carried out. There was entire inter-communion. In the present divided state of God's people, the man of faith will be careful to recognise that every true Christian is a part of that one body, with which, as has been said, there can be no failure; while, at the same time, he will pursue a path of separation from evil; and will "follow righteousness, faith, charity, peace, with them that call on the Lord out of a pure heart." 2 Tim. 2:22.

(딤후02:22 또한 네가 청년의 정욕을 피하고 주를 깨끗한 마음으로 부르는 자들과 함께 의와 믿음과 사랑과 화평을 좇으라

The church will continue on earth until the rapture, revealed in 1 Thess. 4:15-18. As there were saints on earth before the church was formed, so there will be saints on the earth after the rapture: all will be equally saved, but all will not form a part of the church of God as revealed in scripture. This fills a wonderfully unique place, designed of God that in it the principalities and powers in the heavenlies should even now learn the manifold wisdom of God; and in the ages to come the exceeding riches of God's grace be manifested "in his kindness toward us through Christ Jesus." Eph. 2:7; Eph. 3:10.

(살전04:15-18 15 우리가 주의 말씀으로 너희에게 이것을 말하노니 주 강림하실 때까지 우리 살아 남아 있는 자도 자는 자보다 결단코 앞서지 못하리라 16 주께서 호령과 천사장의 소리와 하나님의 나팔로 친히 하늘로 좇아 강림하시리니 그리스도 안에서 죽은 자들이 먼저 일어나고 17 그 후에 우리 살아 남은 자도 저희와 함께 구름 속으로 끌어 올려 공중에서 주를 영접하게 하시리니 그리하여 우리가 항상 주와 함께 있으리라 18 그러므로 이 여러 말로 서로 위로하라

(엡02:7 이는 그리스도 예수 안에서 우리에게 자비하심으로써 그 은혜의 지극히 풍성함을 오는 여러 세대에 나타내려 하심이니라

(엡03:10 이는 이제 교회로 말미암아 하늘에서 정사와 권세들에게 하나님의 각종 지혜를 알게 하려 하심이니

--- Morrish Bible Dictionary

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