▶ 충만/확신 Complete. The word is from πληρόω, 'to fill full.' The believer is complete in Christ, or filled full, referring to all fulness dwelling in Christ: the fulness of the Godhead is in Christ, as towards the believer, and the believer, as toward God, is complete in Him. Col. 2:10. The Colossians are prayed for that they might be 'complete in all the will of God,' or 'fully assured' in all the will of God, as most Editors read it. Col. 4:12. (골02:10 너희도 그 안에서 충만하여졌으니 그는 모든 정사와 권세의 머리시라 (골04:12 그리스도 예수의 종인 너희에게서 온 에바브라가 너희에게 문안하니 저가 항상 너희를 위하여 애써 기도하여 너희로 하나님의 모든 뜻 가운데서 완전하고 확신있게 서기를 구하나니 --- Morrish Bible Dictionary .

▶ 골로새서 Colossians, Epistle to the. This is generally believed to have been written by Paul during his two years' imprisonment at Rome, A.D. 61-2, notwithstanding that Meyer and other critics refer it to the imprisonment of Paul at Caesarea. The personal glory of Christ as head of the body, the church, is specially brought out. The hope before the saints is in heaven: they are viewed as risen, but not seated in the heavenlies in Christ, as in the Epistle to the Ephesians. The life of the new man is dwelt on, but the Holy Spirit is only once mentioned: 'your love in the Spirit.' (골01: After the salutation, and thanking God for what Paul had heard of their faith (for apparently he had not been to Colosse) he at once prays for them that they might be filled with the full knowledge of God's will; might walk worthy of the Lord, pleasing Him in all things; and might be strengthened with all power. Col. 1:9-11. Then he gives thanks for what God had done for them, which is true of all Christians. Col. 1:12-14. The glories of Christ follow: as man, and as the Creator-God: He is head of the body, the church. Col. 1:15-19. All fulness was pleased to dwell in Him, and by Him, to reconcile all things to Himself (or itself), having made peace through the blood of His cross: the saints were already reconciled if they continued in the faith (which would prove their reality). Col. 1:20-24. Paul had a double ministry: in the gospel, Col. 1:23; and in the church, Col. 1:25. His sufferings in his body filled up the (non-atoning) sufferings of Christ; and the revelation he had, concerning the mystery of the church, filled up the word of God (not as to time, for some portions were added afterwards, but as to the circle of subjects). Paul laboured to present every man perfect (that is, full grown) in Christ. Colossians 2: (골02: Paul was deeply anxious for the welfare of the saints, that they might be rooted, built up, and established in the faith, lest they should be led astray by the philosophy of the world and the deceitful teaching of men, which would in no way minister Christ to them. In Him dwelt 'all the fulness of the Godhead bodily,' and they were 'complete in Him': nothing must be allowed to come between them. In Christ they had the reality of the things signified in the ordinances of circumcision and baptism. They had died and were risen with Christ. The saints were warned in Col. 2:16, 17 against being entangled with the Jewish things; and with the occult philosophy of the fleshly mind of the Gentile: all of which was in contrast and in opposition to holding Christ as Head. Having died with Christ they were set free from all the ordinances of men. This has been called the negative side. Colossians 3: (골03: This gives the positive side, being 'risen with Christ.' Their mind was to be set on things above, as heavenly people walking on earth. When the Lord appeared they would appear with Him in glory. Christ was their life, and in consistency therewith they were to mortify — put to death — all that sprang from the motions of the flesh. A catalogue of things is given which were to be practically put off, because the old man had been put off with his deeds. Then having put on the new man, a catalogue of things is given which in consistency therewith were to be put on (the display of Christ, who is 'in each one'): above all things was love. Peace was to rule their hearts, and the word of Christ to dwell in them; helping one another with their songs. Exhortations follow to wives, husbands, children, fathers, and servants. Practical Christianity should be manifest in every station of life. Colossians 4: (골04: Exhortations to masters, and then to all. Tychicus and Onesimus would declare to them the affairs of Paul. Salutations follow. The epistle was to be read to the church of the Laodiceans, and some epistle coming to them from Laodicea was to be read at Colosse. (Perhaps the epistle to the Ephesians was being circulated from church to church.) A message to Archippus: the salutation by the hand of Paul, and a request to remember his bonds close the epistle with "Grace be with you. Amen." --- Morrish Bible Dictionary

▶ 할례 Circumcision. The rite appointed by God to be a token of the covenant that He made with Abraham and his seed, and also the seal of the righteousness of his faith. Every male in Abraham's house was to be circumcised, and afterwards every male of his seed on the eighth day after birth. It signified the separation of a people from the world to God. During the 40 years in the wilderness this rite was not performed, but on entering God's land all were circumcised at Gilgal, when the reproach of Egypt was rolled away. Joshua 5:2-9. Circumcision became a synonym for Israel, so that they could be spoken of as 'the circumcised,' and the heathen as 'the uncircumcised.' Judges 14:3; Ezek. 31:18; Acts 11:3. Contrary to the design of God, circumcision became a mere formal act, when the covenant itself was disregarded, and God then speaks of Israel as having 'uncircumcised hearts.' Stephen charged the Jewish council with being 'uncircumcised in heart and ears.' Lev. 26:41; Acts 7:51. In Rom. 4. Abraham is shown to be 'the father of circumcision,' that is, of all that believe as the truly separated people of God. (수05:2-9 2 그 때에 여호와께서 여호수아에게 이르시되 너는 부싯돌로 칼을 만들어 이스라엘 자손들에게 다시 할례를 행하라 하시매 3 여호수아가 부싯돌로 칼을 만들어 할례산에서 이스라엘 자손들에게 할례를 행하니라 4 여호수아가 할례를 시행한 까닭은 이것이니 애굽에서 나온 모든 백성 중 남자 곧 모든 군사는 애굽에서 나온 후 광야 노중에서 죽었는데 5 그 나온 백성은 다 할례를 받았으나 오직 애굽에서 나온 후 광야 노중에서 난 자는 할례를 받지 못하였음이라 6 이스라엘 자손들이 여호와의 말씀을 청종치 아니하므로 여호와께서 그들에게 대하여 맹세하사 그들의 열조에게 맹세하여 우리에게 주마 하신 땅 곧 젖과 꿀이 흐르는 땅을 그들로 보지 못하게 하리라 하시매 애굽에서 나온 족속 곧 군사들이 다 멸절하기까지 사십년 동안을 광야에 행하였더니 7 그들의 대를 잇게 하신 이 자손에게 여호수아가 할례를 행하였으니 길에서는 그들에게 할례를 행치 못하였으므로 할례 없는 자가 되었음이었더라 8 온 백성에게 할례 행하기를 필하매 백성이 진중 각 처소에 처하여 낫기를 기다릴 때에 9 여호와께서 여호수아에게 이르시되 내가 오늘날 애굽의 수치를 너희에게서 굴러가게 하였다 하셨으므로 그곳 이름을 오늘까지 길갈이라 하느니라 (삿14:3 부모가 그에게 이르되 네 형제들의 딸 중에나 내 백성 중에 어찌 여자가 없어서 네가 할례 받지 아니한 블레셋 사람에게 가서 아내를 취하려 하느냐 삼손이 아비에게 이르되 내가 그 여자를 좋아하오니 나를 위하여 그를 데려오소서 하니 (겔31:18 너의 영화와 광대함이 에덴 모든 나무 중에 어떤 것과 같은고 그러나 네가 에덴 나무와 함께 지하에 내려갈 것이요 거기서 할례 받지 못하고 칼에 살륙당한 자 중에 누우리라 이들은 바로와 그 모든 군대니라 나 주 여호와의 말이니라 하라 (행11:3 가로되 네가 무할례자의 집에 들어가 함께 먹었다 하니 (레26:41 나도 그들을 대항하여 그 대적의 땅으로 끌어 갔음을 깨닫고 그 할례 받지 아니한 마음이 낮아져서 그 죄악의 형벌을 순히 받으면 (행07:51 목이 곧고 마음과 귀에 할례를 받지 못한 사람들아 너희가 항상 성령을 거스려 너희 조상과 같이 너희도 하는도다 (롬04: 아브라함도 행위가 아니라 믿음으로 인정받았다 Hence circumcision is typical of the putting off the body of the flesh by those who accept the cross as the end of all flesh, because Christ was there cut off as to the flesh: see Col. 2:11: "In whom also ye are circumcised with the circumcision made without hands, in putting off the body of the [sins of the] flesh by the circumcision of Christ;" and again, "We are the circumcision which worship God by the Spirit, and rejoice in Christ Jesus, and have no confidence in the flesh." Phil. 3:3. "Mortify therefore your members which are upon the earth." Col. 3:5. (골02:11 또 그 안에서 너희가 손으로 하지 아니한 할례를 받았으니 곧 육적 몸을 벗는 것이요 그리스도의 할례니라 (빌03:3 하나님의 성령으로 봉사하며 그리스도 예수로 자랑하고 육체를 신뢰하지 아니하는 우리가 곧 할례당이라 (골03:5 그러므로 땅에 있는 지체를 죽이라 곧 음란과 부정과 사욕과 악한 정욕과 탐심이니 탐심은 우상 숭배니라 --- Morrish Bible Dictionary

▶ 세례 Baptism. Used figuratively to express the overwhelming sufferings which the Lord Jesus endured in order to accomplish the purpose for which He came to the earth; He was 'straitened' until that work was accomplished. Luke 12:50; John 12:27. When the sons of Zebedee asked to sit on the right and on the left of the Lord in His glory, He at once referred to the cup He had to drink, and asked if they could drink of that cup, and be baptised with the baptism He was to be baptised with. They, ignorant of the depths of suffering involved in the question, said they could. In one sense they should share in His sufferings — the non-atoning sufferings, from the hand of man; but the places they sought were not His to give. Mark 10:38-40. (눅12:50 나는 받을 세례가 있으니 그 이루기까지 나의 답답함이 어떠하겠느냐 (요12:27 지금 내 마음이 민망하니 무슨 말을 하리요 아버지여 나를 구원하여 이 때를 면하게 하여 주옵소서 그러나 내가 이를 위하여 이 때에 왔나이다 (막10:38-40. 38 예수께서 가라사대 너희 구하는 것을 너희가 알지 못하는도다 너희가 나의 마시는 잔을 마시며 나의 받는 세례를 받을 수 있느냐 39 저희가 말하되 할 수 있나이다 예수께서 이르시되 너희가 나의 마시는 잔을 마시며 나의 받는 세례를 받으려니와 40 내 좌우편에 앉는 것은 나의 줄 것이 아니라 누구를 위하여 예비되었든지 그들이 얻을 것이니라 ▶ 세례 Baptism. The Greek is βάπτισμα, from βαπτίζω, to dip, plunge, wash, etc. The ordinance of Baptism: 1. JEWISH. In Heb. 6:2 (βαπτισμός) the Hebrew believers were exhorted to leave 'the doctrine of baptisms;' and in Heb. 9:10 we read of 'divers baptisms or washings,' but which is followed by the words "imposed until the time of reformation," which 'time' is referred to as 'Christ being come.' This shows that the baptisms referred to were some part of the Jewish ritual, in which there were many washings and bathings; but none of these washings signified fully the baptism of the N.T., which as an initiatory ordinance places the baptised in a new position: the Red Sea (1 Cor. 10:2) was a figure of this. It was the Jewish washings that the Hebrew believers were exhorted to leave, or not to be laying again as a foundation. (히06:02 세례들과 안수와 죽은 자의 부활과 영원한 심판에 관한 교훈의 터를 다시 닦지 말고 완전한데 나아갈지니라 (히09:10 이런 것은 먹고 마시는 것과 여러가지 씻는 것과 함께 육체의 예법만 되어 개혁할 때까지 맡겨 둔 것이니라 (고전10:2 모세에게 속하여 다 구름과 바다에서 세례를 받고 Further, it has often been said that the Jews received their proselytes by baptism. Of this we have no record in the O.T., and Josephus, who details the rites necessary for the reception of a proselyte, makes no mention of baptism. It is true that Maimonides says that proselytes were thus received; but he was not born till A.D. 1135, and was thus far too late to know what took place so long before when contemporary writers are silent on the subject. 2. BAPTISM BY JOHN. This was specially in the Jordan, to which the multitudes went out, and which is spoken of again and again as the baptism 'of repentance.' Mark 1:4; Luke 3:3; Acts 13:24; Acts 19:4. He challenged the multitudes who came to be baptised that they should bring forth 'fruits worthy of repentance.' Matt. 3:8; Luke 3:8. He baptised those who came 'confessing their sins,' Matt. 3:6; and he exhorted the people to believe on Him who would come after him," that is, on Christ Jesus." Acts 19:4: cf. John 1:29, 36. The godly remnant by John's baptism took separate ground from the national body, in expectancy of Messiah's coming: they judged themselves, and cleared themselves of the sinful condition of the nation. The Lord was baptised by John, thus taking His place among the repentant in Israel, not as confessing sins, but as fulfilling righteousness, as He said, "Thus it becometh us to fulfil all righteousness" Matt. 3:15. (막01:4 세례 요한이 이르러 광야에서 죄 사함을 받게 하는 회개의 세례를 전파하니 (눅03:3 요한이 요단강 부근 각처에 와서 죄 사함을 얻게 하는 회개의 세례를 전파하니 (행13:24 그 오시는 앞에 요한이 먼저 회개의 세례를 이스라엘 모든 백성에게 전파하니라 (행19:4 바울이 가로되 요한이 회개의 세례를 베풀며 백성에게 말하되 내 뒤에 오시는 이를 믿으라 하였으니 이는 곧 예수라 하거늘 (마03:8 그러므로 회개에 합당한 열매를 맺고 (눅03:8 그러므로 회개에 합당한 열매를 맺고 속으로 아브라함이 우리 조상이라 말하지 말라 내가 너희에게 이르노니 하나님이 능히 이 돌들로도 아브라함의 자손이 되게 하시리라 (마03:6 자기들의 죄를 자복하고 요단강에서 그에게 세례를 받더니 (행19:4 바울이 가로되 요한이 회개의 세례를 베풀며 백성에게 말하되 내 뒤에 오시는 이를 믿으라 하였으니 이는 곧 예수라 하거늘 (요01:29, 36. 29 이튿날 요한이 예수께서 자기에게 나아오심을 보고 가로되 보라 세상 죄를 지고 가는 하나님의 어린 양이로다 36 예수의 다니심을 보고 말하되 보라 하나님의 어린 양이로다 (마03:15 예수께서 대답하여 가라사대 이제 허락하라 우리가 이와 같이하여 모든 의를 이루는 것이 합당하니라 하신대 이에 요한이 허락하는지라 3. CHRISTIAN BAPTISM. We have seen that John the Baptist preached the baptism of repentance. During the Lord's ministry before the cross, some were baptised to Him as Messiah. John 4:1. After His death and resurrection Peter preached, not repentance, but the rejected Jesus as exalted, and made Lord and Christ. When they were pricked in heart, he said to them, 'Repent,' etc., but the baptism was to the remission of sins because the work was now done which gave it fully: they were baptised to the remission of sins — administratively and governmentally. Acts 2:38. (요04:1 예수의 제자를 삼고 세례를 주는 것이 요한보다 많다 하는 말을 바리새인들이 들은 줄을 주께서 아신지라 (행02:38 베드로가 가로되 너희가 회개하여 각각 예수 그리스도의 이름으로 세례를 받고 죄 사함을 얻으라 그리하면 성령을 선물로 받으리니 Rom. 6:3, 4 gives the meaning of Christian baptism to saints who had been baptised long before. It treats of the death of Christ (the sinless One,) as death to sin and to the state man was in, and draws conclusions from it for us inasmuch as He is risen. They were baptised to His death, that is, they have a part in it — they are alive to God in Him risen (and consequently also alive to Him risen — not to law), and hence sin was not to reign any longer; but there is no resurrection with Him in these verses. Baptism is prefigured by Israel's passage through the Red Sea, not by their crossing Jordan, though resurrection is added in Col. 2:12, as leaving sins behind: "Having forgiven you all trespasses." It is individual, and reception into the profession of Christianity: "one Lord, one faith, one baptism." The signification of baptism goes further in Colossians than in Romans, but is always connected with a status upon earth, and not with heavenly privileges. It saves, 1 Peter 3:21; we wash away our sins in it, Acts 22:16; we go into death in it; and in Col. 2:12, it is added, we 'are risen:' hence also it is individual. The church as such has never to be brought into death, its very origin is in the resurrection of Christ, Col. 1:18: it is first-born in the new creation. (롬06:3, 4 3 무릇 그리스도 예수와 합하여 세례를 받은 우리는 그의 죽으심과 합하여 세례 받은 줄을 알지 못하느뇨 4 그러므로 우리가 그의 죽으심과 합하여 세례를 받음으로 그와 함께 장사되었나니 이는 아버지의 영광으로 말미암아 그리스도를 죽은 자 가운데서 살리심과 같이 우리로 또한 새 생명 가운데서 행하게 하려 함이니라 (골02:12 너희가 세례로 그리스도와 함께 장사한바 되고 또 죽은 자들 가운데서 그를 일으키신 하나님의 역사를 믿음으로 말미암아 그 안에서 함께 일으키심을 받았느니라 (벧전03:21 물은 예수 그리스도의 부활하심으로 말미암아 이제 너희를 구원하는 표니 곧 세례라 육체의 더러운 것을 제하여 버림이 아니요 오직 선한 양심이 하나님을 향하여 찾아가는 것이라 (행22:16 이제는 왜 주저하느뇨 일어나 주의 이름을 불러 세례를 받고 너의 죄를 씻으라 하더라 (골02:12 너희가 세례로 그리스도와 함께 장사한바 되고 또 죽은 자들 가운데서 그를 일으키신 하나님의 역사를 믿음으로 말미암아 그 안에서 함께 일으키심을 받았느니라 (골01:18 그는 몸인 교회의 머리라 그가 근본이요 죽은 자들 가운데서 먼저 나신 자니 이는 친히 만물의 으뜸이 되려 하심이요 It is clear that Baptism, though in a certain aspect it places the recipient in a resurrection status, giving Christ for our life, never takes us out of the earth; but puts us in the position of christian responsibility in it, according to newness of life, as it is said, "so we also should walk in newness of life." There is a warning in 1 Cor. 10:1-6. They were baptised, etc., "but with many of them God was not well pleased." A mere sacramental position is not enough: we have to "continue in the faith, grounded and settled." Col. 1:23. We are called, as baptised, to walk in this world as dead and risen again, as in a wilderness. It is the expression of the outward visible church in its profession: "one Lord, one faith, one baptism." In baptism we have a good conscience by the resurrection. 1 Peter 3:21. We wash away our sins in it, calling on the name of the Lord, Acts 22:16; we are received by it into the responsible place of God's people in this world. (고전10:1-6. 유대인의 역사적인 경험 (골01:23 만일 너희가 믿음에 거하고 터 위에 굳게 서서 너희 들은바 복음의 소망에서 흔들리지 아니하면 그리하리라 이 복음은 천하 만민에게 전파된 바요 나 바울은 이 복음의 일군이 되었노라 (벧전03:21 물은 예수 그리스도의 부활하심으로 말미암아 이제 너희를 구원하는 표니 곧 세례라 육체의 더러운 것을 제하여 버림이 아니요 오직 선한 양심이 하나님을 향하여 찾아가는 것이라 (행22:16 이제는 왜 주저하느뇨 일어나 주의 이름을 불러 세례를 받고 너의 죄를 씻으라 하더라 With Peter, Christian Baptism seems more connected with the kingdom of heaven: cf. Matt. 16:19; Acts 2:38; Acts 10:48: with Paul it was connected rather with the house of God when he did use it. Paul had a new commission. He is not found, like Peter, ministering in the midst of a known people who had promises, calling souls out of it to repentance, that they should receive remission and be separated from the untoward generation. Paul takes up man as man (though owning the Jews) and brings him into God's presence in light. For the Gentiles it was, even in testimony, a wholly new resurrection state, not merely a good conscience through the resurrection; and baptism, which gives a status on earth founded on resurrection, forms no part of Paul's testimony, any more than of the mission in John 20:21-23; and Paul tells us himself, that he was not sent to baptise. (마16:19 내가 천국 열쇠를 네게 주리니 네가 땅에서 무엇이든지 매면 하늘에서도 매일 것이요 네가 땅에서 무엇이든지 풀면 하늘에서도 풀리리라 하시고 (행02:38 베드로가 가로되 너희가 회개하여 각각 예수 그리스도의 이름으로 세례를 받고 죄 사함을 얻으라 그리하면 성령을 선물로 받으리니 (행10:48 명하여 예수 그리스도의 이름으로 세례를 주라 하니라 저희가 베드로에게 수일 더 유하기를 청하니라 (요20:21-23; 21 예수께서 또 가라사대 너희에게 평강이 있을지어다 아버지께서 나를 보내신 것같이 나도 너희를 보내노라 22 이 말씀을 하시고 저희를 향하사 숨을 내쉬며 가라사대 성령을 받으라 23 너희가 뉘 죄든지 사하면 사하여질 것이요 뉘 죄든지 그대로 두면 그대로 있으리라 하시니라 Faith sees that when God brings a man into privileges on earth, he does not separate his household from him, for example, Gen. 7:1, etc. Under Christianity this surely holds good: see 1 Cor. 7:14: and we see households were baptised by Paul. (창07:1 여호와께서 노아에게 이르시되 너와 네 온 집은 방주로 들어가라 네가 이 세대에 내 앞에서 의로움을 내가 보았음이니라 (고전07:14 믿지 아니하는 남편이 아내로 인하여 거룩하게 되고 믿지 아니하는 아내가 남편으로 인하여 거룩하게 되나니 그렇지 아니하면 너희 자녀도 깨끗지 못하니라 그러나 이제 거룩하니라 At the end of Matthew's gospel we have a commandment connected with baptism and apostolic mission to the Gentiles exclusively, but then there is nothing of repentance or remission. It is simply discipling all the nations, baptizing and then teaching them. Matt. 28:19, 20. (This passage contemplates in its full sense a work to be done at the end of the age by the Jewish remnant toward the Gentiles. Christian Baptism now is for Jews and Gentiles alike, that by it they should lose their standing as such, and being committed to the death of Christ be brought into Christian profession, leaving those distinctions behind them.) The direction in Luke 24:47 is repentance and remission of sins. In Mark 16:15, 16 salvation belonged to him who believed and was baptised; for if he was not, he refused to be a Christian. (마28:19, 20. 19 그러므로 너희는 가서 모든 족속으로 제자를 삼아 아버지와 아들과 성령의 이름으로 세례를 주고 20 내가 너희에게 분부한 모든 것을 가르쳐 지키게 하라 볼지어다 내가 세상 끝날까지 너희와 항상 함께 있으리라 하시니라 (눅24:47 또 그의 이름으로 죄 사함을 얻게 하는 회개가 예루살렘으로부터 시작하여 모든 족속에게 전파될 것이 기록되었으니 (막16:15 또 가라사대 너희는 온 천하에 다니며 만민에게 복음을 전파하라 Scripture gives no definite teaching as to the mode of baptism, the great point being what the recipients of the ordinance were baptised to: cf. Acts 19:3. The idea conveyed by the word is 'washing,' as with the priests of old (Ex. 29:4), rather than 'sprinkling,' as with the Levites. (행19:3 바울이 가로되 그러면 너희가 무슨 세례를 받았느냐 대답하되 요한의 세례로라 (출29:4 너는 아론과 그 아들들을 회막 문으로 데려다가 물로 씻기고 (민08:7 너는 이같이 하여 그들을 정결케 하되 곧 속죄의 물로 그들에게 뿌리고 그들로 그 전신을 삭도로 밀게 하고 그 의복을 빨게 하여 몸을 정결케 하고 As to the formula used, some have supposed that because we read in the Acts that persons were baptised 'to the name of the Lord Jesus,' the instruction given in Matt. 28:19 to baptise "to the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost," was superseded. But this does not follow: baptism is always to some person or thing. The disciples found at Ephesus had been baptised to the baptism of John, Acts 19:3; the Israelites had been baptised to Moses; and those baptised in the Acts were to the name of the Lord Jesus as Saviour and Lord; and there is no reason why this should not be combined with the words found in Matthew, and a person be baptised in the name of the Lord Jesus unto the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. In Acts 2:38 the preposition is ἐπί (ἐν in MSS B,C,D); in Acts 10:48 it is ἐν; and elsewhere it is εἰς. (마28:19 그러므로 너희는 가서 모든 족속으로 제자를 삼아 아버지와 아들과 성령의 이름으로 세례를 주고 (행19:3 바울이 가로되 그러면 너희가 무슨 세례를 받았느냐 대답하되 요한의 세례로라 (행02:38 베드로가 가로되 너희가 회개하여 각각 예수 그리스도의 이름으로 세례를 받고 죄 사함을 얻으라 그리하면 성령을 선물로 받으리니 (행10:48 명하여 예수 그리스도의 이름으로 세례를 주라 하니라 저희가 베드로에게 수일 더 유하기를 청하니라 4. BAPTISED FOR THE DEAD. This occurs in 1 Cor. 15:29. Some maintain that the Corinthian saints had fallen into the error of holding that if some of their number had fallen asleep without being baptised, others could be baptised for them, and that Paul was condemning this. But in the language he uses there is no condemnation. If 1 Cor. 15:20-28 inclusive be read as a parenthesis, 1 Cor. 15:18 explains 1 Cor. 15:29; and 1 Cor. 15:19 explains 30-32. Thus, if there be no resurrection, those "fallen asleep in Christ are perished . . . . else what shall they do who are baptised for the dead?" Why step into their place in the ranks, and be in jeopardy every hour, like soldiers in a war, if the dead rise not? What advantage was it for Paul to have fought with beasts at Ephesus if the dead rise not? The allusion in the 'jeopardy every hour' and in the 'fighting' is to those in danger, as soldiers in a war. (고전15:29 만일 죽은 자들이 도무지 다시 살지 못하면 죽은 자들을 위하여 세례 받는 자들이 무엇을 하겠느냐 어찌하여 저희를 위하여 세례를 받느뇨 (고전15:20-28 20 그러나 이제 그리스도께서 죽은 자 가운데서 다시 살아 잠자는 자들의 첫 열매가 되셨도다 21 사망이 사람으로 말미암았으니 죽은 자의 부활도 사람으로 말미암는도다 22 아담 안에서 모든 사람이 죽은 것같이 그리스도 안에서 모든 사람이 삶을 얻으리라 23 그러나 각각 자기 차례대로 되리니 먼저는 첫 열매인 그리스도요 다음에는 그리스도 강림하실 때에 그에게 붙은 자요 24 그 후에는 나중이니 저가 모든 정사와 모든 권세와 능력을 멸하시고 나라를 아버지 하나님께 바칠 때라 25 저가 모든 원수를 그 발아래 둘 때까지 불가불 왕 노릇 하시리니 26 맨 나중에 멸망 받을 원수는 사망이니라 27 만물을 저의 발아래 두셨다 하셨으니 만물을 아래 둔다 말씀하실 때에 만물을 저의 아래 두신 이가 그 중에 들지 아니한 것이 분명하도다 28 만물을 저에게 복종하게 하신 때에는 아들 자신도 그 때에 만물을 자기에게 복종케 하신 이에게 복종케 되리니 이는 하나님이 만유의 주로서 만유 안에 계시려 하심이라 (고전15:18 또한 그리스도 안에서 잠자는 자도 망하였으리니 (고전15:19 만일 그리스도 안에서 우리의 바라는 것이 다만 이생 뿐이면 모든 사람 가운데 우리가 더욱 불쌍한 자리라 (고전15:30-32. 30 또 어찌하여 우리가 때마다 위험을 무릅쓰리요 31 형제들아 내가 그리스도 예수 우리 주 안에서 가진바 너희에게 대한 나의 자랑을 두고 단언하노니 나는 날마다 죽노라 32 내가 범인처럼 에베소에서 맹수로 더불어 싸웠으면 내게 무슨 유익이 있느뇨 죽은 자가 다시 살지 못할 것이면 내일 죽을 터이니 먹고 마시자 하리라 --- Morrish Bible Dictionary

▶ 안전/확신/온전/풍성함/원만 Assurance. This word has in the O.T. a different application from that which it has in the N.T. In the former it is 'confidence or trust,' and agrees with the hopes of God's earthly people in connection with the security in which Israel will dwell when restored to their land, when all their enemies shall have been put down by divine power: the effect of righteousness will be "quietness and assurance for ever," Isa. 32:17: whereas in their disobedience they should fear day and night and have no assurance of their life. Deut. 28:66. (사32:17 의의 공효는 화평이요 의의 결과는 영원한 평안과 안전이라 (신28:66 네 생명이 의심나는 곳에 달린 것 같아서 주야로 두려워하며 네 생명을 확신할 수 없을 것이라 In the N.T. the Greek word πληροφορία implies 'full assurance' and refers to eternal salvation. The gospel reaches a soul in power, and in the Holy Ghost and in 'much full assurance.' 1 Thess. 1:5. We also meet with: (살전01:5 이는 우리 복음이 말로만 너희에게 이른 것이 아니라 오직 능력과 성령과 큰 확신으로 된 것이니 우리가 너희 가운데서 너희를 위하여 어떠한 사람이 된 것은 너희 아는 바와 같으니라 1, the full assurance of faith, Heb. 10:22; the reception of God's testimony respecting the work of Christ and the glory He now enjoys: (히10:22 우리가 마음에 뿌림을 받아 양심의 악을 깨닫고 몸을 맑은 물로 씻었으니 참 마음과 온전한 믿음으로 하나님께 나아가자 2, the full assurance of hope, Heb. 6:11, issuing in continued diligence of the saints in their work and labour of love: and (히06:11 우리가 간절히 원하는 것은 너희 각 사람이 동일한 부지런을 나타내어 끝까지 소망의 풍성함에 이르러 3, the full assurance of understanding, Col. 2:2, for full knowledge in the mystery of God. (골02:2 이는 저희로 마음에 위안을 받고 사랑 안에서 연합하여 원만한 이해의 모든 부요에 이르러 하나님의 비밀인 그리스도를 깨닫게 하려 함이라 --- Morrish Bible Dictionary

▶ 성일 Holy-day. Applied to the Sabbath or any of the Jewish festivals. Ex. 35:2; Ps. 42:4; Col. 2:16. (출35:2 엿새 동안은 일하고 제 칠일은 너희에게 성일이니 여호와께 특별한 안식일이라 무릇 이날에 일하는 자를 죽일지니 (시042:4 내가 전에 성일을 지키는 무리와 동행하여 기쁨과 찬송의 소리를 발하며 저희를 하나님의 집으로 인도하였더니 이제 이 일을 기억하고 내 마음이 상하는도다 (골02:16 그러므로 먹고 마시는 것과 절기나 월삭이나 안식일을 인하여 누구든지 너희를 폄론하지 못하게 하라 --- Morrish Bible Dictionary

▶ 월삭/월/달 Moon. At the creation the 'lesser light' was to rule the night. Its brilliancy is seen much more in the east than in the west, and its light is more appreciated in the former, especially when the heat of the day necessitates travelling by night. The NEW MOON among the Israelites was a festival: it was watched for on the hills, and as soon as it was seen, it was ushered in by sound of trumpet. Num. 10:10; 1 Chr. 23:31; Ps. 81:3; Ezek. 45:17; Col. 2:16: cf. 1 Sam. 20:5, 18, 24. (민10:10 또 너희 희락의 날과 너희 정한 절기와 월삭에는 번제물의 위에와 화목제물의 위에 나팔을 불라 그로 말미암아 너희 하나님이 너희를 기억하리라 나는 너희 하나님 여호와니라 (대상23:31 또 안식일과 초하루(the new moons)와 절기에 모든 번제를 여호와께 드리되 그 명하신 규례의 정한 수효대로 항상 여호와 앞에 드리며 (시081:3 월삭과 월망과 우리의 절일에 나팔을 불지어다 3 Blow up the trumpet in the new moon, in the time appointed, on our solemn feast day. (겔45:17 왕은 본분대로 번제와 소제와 전제를 절기와 월삭(the new moons)과 안식일과 이스라엘 족속의 모든 정한 절기에 드릴지니 이스라엘 족속을 속죄하기 위하여 이 속죄제와 소제와 번제와 감사제물을 갖출지니라 (골02:16 그러므로 먹고 마시는 것과 절기나 월삭(the new moon)이나 안식일을 인하여 누구든지 너희를 폄론하지 못하게 하라 (삼상20:5, 18, 24. 5 다윗이 요나단에게 이르되 내일은 월삭(the new moon)인즉 내가 마땅히 왕을 모시고 앉아 식사를 하여야 할 것이나 나를 보내어 제 삼일 저녁까지 들에 숨게 하고 18 요나단이 다윗에게 이르되 내일은 월삭인즉 네 자리가 비므로 네가 없음을 자세히 물으실 것이라 24 다윗이 들에 숨으니라 월삭이 되매 왕이 앉아 음식을 먹을 때에 The Israelites were warned against worshipping the moon as well as the sun and stars. Deut. 4:19; Deut. 17:3: cf. Job 31:26-28. Of Israel, in the time of Hoshea and of Manasseh it is said they worshipped 'all the host of heaven.' 2 Kings 17:16; 2 Kings 21:3, 5. Jeremiah also states that in Judah and Jerusalem cakes were made to the QUEEN OF HEAVEN, which is commonly supposed to refer to the moon, worshipped as Astarte. Then when the residue of the people had gone into Egypt, they declared that in spite of the prophet's warning they would burn incense to the Queen of Heaven, and pour out drink offerings unto her. Jer. 7:18; Jer. 44:17-19, 25. (신04:19 또 두렵건대 네가 하늘을 향하여 눈을 들어 일월 성신 하늘 위의 군중 곧 너희 하나님 여호와께서 천하 만민을 위하여 분정하신 것을 보고 미혹하여 그것에 경배하며 섬길까 하노라 (신17:3: 가서 다른 신들을 섬겨 그것에게 절하며 내가 명하지 아니한 일월성신에게 절한다 하자 (욥31:26-28. 26 언제 태양의 빛남과 달의 명랑하게 운행되는 것을 보고 27 내 마음이 가만히 유혹되어 손에 입맞추었던가 28 이 역시 재판장에게 벌 받을 죄악이니 내가 그리하였으면 위에 계신 하나님을 배반한 것이니라 (왕하17:16 그 하나님 여호와의 모든 명령을 버리고 자기를 위하여 두 송아지 형상을 부어 만들고 또 아세라 목상을 만들고 하늘의 일월 성신을 숭배하며 또 바알을 섬기고 (왕하21:3, 5. 3 그 부친 히스기야의 헐어 버린 산당을 다시 세우며 이스라엘 왕 아합의 소위를 본받아 바알을 위하여 단을 쌓으며 아세라 목상을 만들며 하늘의 일월 성신을 숭배하여 섬기며 5 또 여호와의 전 두 마당에 하늘의 일월 성신을 위하여 단들을 쌓고 (렘07:18 자식들은 나무를 줍고 아비들은 불을 피우며 부녀들은 가루를 반죽하여 하늘 황후를 위하여 과자를 만들며 그들이 또 다른 신들에게 전제를 부음으로 나의 노를 격동하느니라 18 The children gather wood, and the fathers kindle the fire, and the women knead [their] dough, to make cakes to the queen of heaven, and to pour out drink offerings unto other gods, that they may provoke me to anger. (렘44:17-19, 25. 17 우리 입에서 낸 모든 말을 정녕히 실행하여 우리의 본래 하던 것 곧 우리와 우리 선조와 우리 왕들과 우리 방백들이 유다 성읍들 과 예루살렘 거리에서 하던 대로 하늘 여신에게 분향하고 그 앞에 전제를 드리리라 대저 그 때에는 우리가 식물이 풍부하며 복을 받고 재앙을 만나지 아니하였더니 18 우리가 하늘 여신에게 분향하고 그 앞에 전제 드리던 것을 폐한 후부터는 모든 것이 핍절하고 칼과 기근에 멸망을 당하였느니라 하며 19 여인들은 가로되 우리가 하늘 여신에게 분향하고 그 앞에 전제를 드릴 때에 어찌 우리 남편의 허락이 없이 그에게 경배하는 과자를 만들어 놓고 전제를 드렸느냐 25 만군의 여호와 이스라엘의 하나님이 이같이 말씀하시되 너희와 너희 아내들이 입으로 말하고 손으로 이루려 하여 이르기를 우리가 서원한 대로 반드시 이행하여 하늘 여신에게 분향하고 전제를 드리리라 하였은즉 너희 서원을 성립하며 너희 서원을 이행하라 하시느니라 There will be SIGNS IN THE MOON as well as in the sun when the time of God's dire judgement has arrived. Joel 2:10, 31; Luke 21:25; Rev. 6:12. As a symbol the moon is used in prophecy to signify derivative authority, the sun being the supreme source of heavenly rule. (욜02:10, 31; 10 그 앞에서 땅이 진동하며 하늘이 떨며 일월이 캄캄하며 별들이 빛을 거두도다 31 여호와의 크고 두려운 날이 이르기 전에 해가 어두워지고 달이 핏빛 같이 변하려니와 (눅21:25 일월 성신에는 징조가 있겠고 땅에서는 민족들이 바다와 파도의 우는 소리를 인하여 혼란한 중에 곤고하리라 (계06:12 내가 보니 여섯째 인을 떼실 때에 큰 지진이 나며 해가 총담 같이 검어지고 온 달이 피 같이 되며 --- Morrish Bible Dictionary

▶ 승천 Ascension Ascension of Christ is the term used for the last appearence of Christ to the apostles after His resurrection, when He was taken up to heaven. The Ascension of Jesus is witnessed by Mark: Jesus rose from the dead and appeared to his pupils several times on different occasions. The last time He appeared to them "while they were at the table, and reproached them for their incredulity and dullness." (Mark 16:14). Then he said to them: "Go to every part of the world, and proclaim the gospel to the whole creation. Those who believe it and receive baptism will be saved; those who do not believe will be condemned." (Mark 16:16). " after the Lord Jesus had spoken with them, He was received up into heaven, and He sat on the right hand of God." - (Mark 16:19). (막16:14-16 그 후에 열 한 제자가 음식 먹을 때에 예수께서 저희에게 나타나사 저희의 믿음 없는 것과 마음이 완악한 것을 꾸짖으시니 이는 자기의 살아난 것을 본 자들의 말을 믿지 아니함일러라 또 가라사대 너희는 온 천하에 다니며 만민에게 복음을 전파하라 믿고 세례를 받는 사람은 구원을 얻을 것이요 믿지 않는 사람은 정죄를 받으리라 (막16:19 주 예수께서 말씀을 마치신 후에 하늘로 올리우사 하나님 우편에 앉으시니라 ========Paintings Ascension John Singleton Copley. Ascension. 1775. Oil on canvas. 81 x 73 cm. The Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, MA, USA More...More... Gallery ▶ 올라감/승천 Ascension. This term is constantly applied to the return of the Lord Jesus Christ to heaven from whence He came. John 3:13. Leading His eleven apostles out as far as Bethany, on the eastern slope of the Mount of Olives, in the act of blessing them He ascended up to heaven, and a cloud hid Him from their sight. Mark 16:19; Luke 24:50, 51; Acts 1:9. The ascension of the Lord Jesus is a momentous fact for His saints: the One who bore their sins on the cross has been received up in glory, and sits on the right hand of God. (요03:13 하늘에서 내려온 자 곧 인자 외에는 하늘에 올라간 자가 없느니라 (막16:19 주 예수께서 말씀을 마치신 후에 하늘로 올리우사 하나님 우편에 앉으시니라 (눅24:50, 51; 50 예수께서 저희를 데리고 베다니 앞까지 나가사 손을 들어 저희에게 축복하시더니 51 축복하실 때에 저희를 떠나 [하늘로 올리우]시니 (행01:9 이 말씀을 마치시고 저희 보는데서 올리워 가시니 구름이 저를 가리워 보이지 않게 하더라 As forerunner He has entered into heaven for the saints, and has been made a high priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec. Heb. 6:20. His ascension assured, according to His promise, the descent of the Holy Spirit, which was accomplished at Pentecost. John 16:7; Acts 1:4, 8; Acts 2:1-47. As ascended He became Head of His body the church, Eph. 1:22, and gave gifts to men, among which gifts are evangelists who preach to the world, and pastors and teachers to care for and instruct the saints. Ps. 68:18; Eph. 4:8-13. (히06:20 그리로 앞서 가신 예수께서 멜기세덱의 반차를 좇아 영원히 대제사장이 되어 우리를 위하여 들어 가셨느니라 (요16:7 그러하나 내가 너희에게 실상을 말하노니 내가 떠나가는 것이 너희에게 유익이라 내가 떠나가지 아니하면 보혜사가 너희에게로 오시지 아니할 것이요 가면 내가 그를 너희에게로 보내리니 (행01:4, 8; 4 사도와 같이 모이사 저희에게 분부하여 가라사대 예루살렘을 떠나지 말고 내게 들은바 아버지의 약속하신 것을 기다리라 8 오직 성령이 너희에게 임하시면 너희가 권능을 받고 예루살렘과 온 유대와 사마리아와 땅 끝까지 이르러 내 증인이 되리라 하시니라 (행02:1-47. 오순절 성령의 강림과 베드로의 설교 (엡01:22 또 만물을 그 발 아래 복종하게 하시고 그를 만물 위에 교회의 머리로 주셨느니라 (시068:18 주께서 높은 곳으로 오르시며 사로잡은 자를 끌고 선물을 인간에게서, 또는 패역자 중에서 받으시니 여호와 하나님이 저희와 함께 거하려하심이로다 (엡04:8-13. 그리스도 안에서의 하나됨을 권면함 His ascension is a demonstration through the presence of the Holy Spirit that sin is in the world and righteousness in heaven, for the very One they rejected has been received by the Father into heaven. John 16:10. The ascension is also a tremendous fact for Satan: the prince of this world has been judged who led the world to put the Lord to death; and in His ascension He led captivity captive, having broken the power of death in which men were held, Eph. 4:8, for He had in the cross spoiled principalities and powers and made a show of them openly, triumphing over them in it. Col. 2:15. (요16:10 의에 대하여라 함은 내가 아버지께로 가니 너희가 다시 나를 보지 못함이요 (엡04:8 그러므로 이르기를 그가 위로 올라가실 때에 사로잡힌 자를 사로 잡고 사람들에게 선물을 주셨다 하였도다 (골02:15 정사와 권세를 벗어버려 밝히 드러내시고 십자가로 승리하셨느니라 Above all, the ascension is a glorious fact for the blessed Lord Himself. Jehovah said unto Him, "Sit thou at my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool." Ps. 110:1. He has taken His place as man where man never was before, and He is also glorified with the glory which He had before the world was, besides the glory which He graciously shares with His saints. John 17:5, 22. (시110:1 (다윗의 시) 여호와께서 내 주에게 말씀하시기를 내가 네 원수로 네 발등상 되게 하기까지 너는 내 우편에 앉으라 하셨도다 (요17:5, 22. 5 아버지여 창세 전에 내가 아버지와 함께 가졌던 영화로써 지금도 아버지와 함께 나를 영화롭게 하옵소서 22 내게 주신 영광을 내가 저희에게 주었사오니 이는 우리가 하나가 된 것같이 저희도 하나가되게 하려 함이니이다 --- Morrish Bible Dictionary

▶ 에센파 에세네파 Essenes. 예수 그리스도 시대의 일단의 유대종파로서 근세의 수도원 생활과 비슷하다. 독신 생활, 고립, 의식이 있는 생활, 금욕생활을 좋아한다. 기원전 2세기에 발생하여 기원 2세기에 없어졌고, 그들은 팔레스티나를 중심으로 다른 곳으로 전파되지 않았다. 그리스도교 시대에 약 4천 명을 헤아렸다. A Jewish sect in existence when the Lord was on earth, and whose principles in some respects resembled the more recent monasticism. They enjoined celibacy, isolation, ceremonial ablutions, and abstinence from animal food. The worshipping of angels was part of their profession. They neglected sacrifices and the temple service, but had priests of their own. They are not mentioned by name in the N.T., but may be alluded to in Col. 2:18, 23; and it is to be remarked that two of the tenets, celibacy and abstaining from animal food, are specially condemned in 1 Tim. 4:3, which things are being revived in the present day by Theosophists and Spiritualists. (골02:18, 23. 18 누구든지 일부러 겸손함과 천사 숭배함을 인하여 너희 상을 빼앗지 못하게 하라 저가 그 본 것을 의지하여 그 육체의 마음을 좇아 헛되이 과장하고 23 이런 것들은 자의적 숭배와 겸손과 몸을 괴롭게 하는데 지혜 있는 모양이나 오직 육체 좇는 것을 금하는데는 유익이 조금도 없느니라 (딤전04:3 혼인을 금하고 식물을 폐하라 할 터이나 식물은 하나님이 지으신 바니 믿는 자들과 진리를 아는 자들이 감사함으로 받을 것이니라 --- Morrish Bible Dictionary

▶ 천사 Angels 2. 2. The intelligent spiritual beings who are constantly referred to in scripture as God's messengers both as carrying good tidings and, as executors of God's judgements. We know little of their nature: "of the angels he saith, Who maketh his angels spirits, and his ministers a flame of fire," Heb. 1:7; and man is described as being a little inferior to the angels. Ps. 8:5 ; Heb. 2:7. There are apparently gradations in rank among them, described as principalities and powers, of which Christ as Man is now the head. Col. 2:10. Twice we meet with 'archangel: (대천사, 천사장)' an archangel's voice will accompany the rapture of the church, 1 Thess. 4:16; and 'Michael the archangel' contended with Satan about the body of Moses. Jude 9. He with his angels will fight with the dragon and his angels and cast them out of heaven. Rev. 12:7, 8. Gabriel is the only other name of an angel revealed to us: he appeared to Daniel, to Zacharias, and to Mary: he said that he stood in the presence of God. Dan. 8:16; Dan. 9:21; Luke 1:19, 26. (히01:7 천사 7 또 천사들에 관하여는 그는 그의 천사들을 바람으로, 그의 사역자들을 불꽃으로 삼으시느니라 하셨으되 (시008:5 하나님 5 저를 천사보다 조금 못하게 하시고 영화와 존귀로 관을 씌우셨나이다 (히02:7. 천사 7 저를 잠간 동안 천사보다 못하게 하시며 영광과 존귀로 관 씌우시며 (골02:10 너희도 그 안에서 충만하여졌으니 그는 모든 정사와 권세의 머리시라 (살전04:16 주께서 호령과 천사장의 소리와 하나님의 나팔로 친히 하늘로 좇아 강림하시리니 그리스도 안에서 죽은 자들이 먼저 일어나고 (유01:9 천사장 미가엘이 모세의 시체에 대하여 마귀와 다투어 변론할 때에 감히 훼방하는 판결을 쓰지 못하고 다만 말하되 주께서 너를 꾸짖으시기를 원하노라 하였거늘 (계12:7, 8 사자 7 하늘에 전쟁이 있으니 미가엘과 그의 사자들이 용으로 더불어 싸울새 용과 그의 사자들도 싸우나 8 이기지 못하여 다시 하늘에서 저희의 있을 곳을 얻지 못한지라 (단08:16; 가브리엘 16 내가 들은즉 을래강 두 언덕 사이에서 사람의 목소리가 있어 외쳐 이르되 가브리엘아 이 이상을 이 사람에게 깨닫게 하라 하더니 (단09:21 곧 내가 말하여 기도할 때에 이전 이상중에 본 그 사람 가브리엘이 빨리 날아서 저녁 제사를 드릴 때 즈음에 내게 이르더니 (눅01:19, 26. 19 천사가 대답하여 가로되 나는 하나님 앞에 섰는 가브리엘이라 이 좋은 소식을 전하여 네게 말하라고 보내심을 입었노라 26 여섯째 달에 천사 가브리엘이 하나님의 보내심을 받들어 갈릴리 나사렛이란 동네에 가서 Though we are unconscious of the presence of angels we know that they are ministering spirits sent forth to minister for them who shall inherit salvation, Heb. 1:14: cf. Ps. 34:7; and we read also that they ministered to the Lord when He was here. Matt. 4:11; Mark 1:13; Luke 22:43. There are 'myriads' of these angels, Matt. 26:53; Heb. 12:22; Rev. 5:11; and they are described as 'mighty,' 'holy,' 'elect,' 2 Thess. 1:7; Mark 8:38; 1 Tim. 5:21: they do not marry, Mark 12:25. We are not told when they were created, but doubtless they are referred to as 'the sons of God' who shouted for joy when God created the earth. Job 38:4-7. (히01:14: 천사 14 모든 천사들은 부리는 영으로서 구원 얻을 후사들을 위하여 섬기라고 보내심이 아니뇨 (시034:7 여호와의 사자가 주를 경외하는 자를 둘러 진 치고 저희를 건지시는도다 (마04:11 이에 마귀는 예수를 떠나고 천사들이 나아와서 수종드니라 (막01:13 광야에서 사십 일을 계셔서 사단에게 시험을 받으시며 들짐승과 함께 계시니 천사들이 수종들더라 (눅22:43 사자가 하늘로부터 예수께 나타나 힘을 돕더라 (마26:53 너는 내가 내 아버지께 구하여 지금 열 두 영 더되는 천사를 보내시게 할 수 없는 줄로 아느냐 (히12:22 그러나 너희가 이른 곳은 시온산과 살아 계신 하나님의 도성인 하늘의 예루살렘과 천만 천사와 (계05:11 내가 또 보고 들으매 보좌와 생물들과 장로들을 둘러 선 많은 천사의 음성이 있으니 그 수가 만만이요 천천이라 (살후01:7 환난 받는 너희에게는 우리와 함께 안식으로 갚으시는 것이 하나님의 공의시니 주 예수께서 저의 능력의 천사들과 함께 하늘로부터 불꽃 중에 나타나실 때에 (막08:38 누구든지 이 음란하고 죄 많은 세대에서 나와 내 말을 부끄러워하면 인자도 아버지의 영광으로 거룩한 천사들과 함께 올 때에 그 사람을 부끄러워하리라 (딤전05:21 하나님과 그리스도 예수와 택하심을 받은 천사들 앞에서 내가 엄히 명하노니 너는 편견이 없이 이것들을 지켜 아무 일도 편벽되이 하지 말며 (막12:25 사람이 죽은 자 가운데서 살아날 때에는 장가도 아니가고 시집도 아니가고 하늘에 있는 천사들과 같으니라 (욥38:4-7 4 내가 땅의 기초를 놓을 때에 네가 어디 있었느냐 네가 깨달아 알았거든 말할지니라 5 누가 그 도량을 정하였었는지, 누가 그 준승을 그 위에 띄웠었는지 네가 아느냐 6 그 주초는 무엇 위에 세웠으며 그 모퉁이 돌은 누가 놓았었느냐 7 그 때에 새벽 별들이 함께 노래하며 하나님의 아들들이 다 기쁘게 소리 하였었느니라 The law was given by their ministry, Acts 7:53; Gal. 3:19; Ps. 68:17; and they had to do with proclaiming the birth of the Saviour, Luke 2:8-14; and they attended at the resurrection. Matt. 28:2; John 20:12. Angels are not the depositaries of the revelation and counsels of God. They desire to look into the things testified by the Spirit of Christ in the prophets, and now reported by the apostles in the power of the same Spirit. 1 Peter 1:12. The world to come is not to be put in subjection to them, but to man in the person of the Son of man, Heb. 2:5-8; and the saints will judge angels. 1 Cor. 6:3. It is therefore only a false humility that would teach the worshipping of angels. Col. 2:18. When John fell down to worship the angel in the Revelation, being overpowered by reason of the stupendous things revealed, he was on two occasions restrained from worshipping his 'fellow servant,' as in Rev. 19:10 ; Rev. 22:9. (행07:53; 율법을 전해준 천사 53 너희가 천사의 전한 율법을 받고도 지키지 아니하였도다 하니라 (갈03:19 그런즉 율법은 무엇이냐 범법함을 인하여 더한 것이라 천사들로 말미암아 중보의 손을 빌어 베푸신 것인데 약속하신 자손이 오시기까지 있을 것이라 (시068:17 하나님의 병거가 천천이요 만만이라 주께서 그 중에 계심이 시내산 성소에 계심 같도다 (눅02:8-14 구원자의 탄생을 선포 8 그 지경에 목자들이 밖에서 밤에 자기 양떼를 지키더니 9 주의 사자가 곁에 서고 주의 영광이 저희를 두루 비취매 크게 무서워하는지라 10 천사가 이르되 무서워 말라 보라 내가 온 백성에게 미칠 큰 기쁨의 좋은 소식을 너희에게 전하노라 11 오늘날 다윗의 동네에 너희를 위하여 구주가 나셨으니 곧 그리스도 주시니라 12 너희가 가서 강보에 싸여 구유에 누인 아기를 보리니 이것이 너희에게 표적이니라 하더니 13 홀연히 허다한 천군이 그 천사와 함께 있어 하나님을 찬송하여 가로되 14 지극히 높은 곳에서는 하나님께 영광이요 땅에서는 기뻐하심을 입은 사람들 중에 평화로다 하니라 (마28:2 큰 지진이 나며 주의 천사가 하늘로서 내려와 돌을 굴려 내고 그 위에 앉았는데 (요20:12 흰 옷 입은 두 천사가 예수의 시체 뉘었던 곳에 하나는 머리 편에, 하나는 발 편에 앉았더라 (벧전01:12 이 섬긴 바가 자기를 위한 것이 아니요 너희를 위한 것임이 계시로 알게 되었으니 이것은 하늘로부터 보내신 성령을 힘입어 복음을 전하는 자들로 이제 너희에게 고한 것이요 천사들도 살펴 보기를 원하는 것이니라 (히02:5-8 5 하나님이 우리의 말한바 장차 오는 세상을 천사들에게는 복종케 하심이 아니라 6 오직 누가 어디 증거하여 가로되 사람이 무엇이관대 주께서 저를 생각하시며 인자가 무엇이관대 주께서 저를 권고하시나이까 7 저를 잠간 동안 천사보다 못하게 하시며 영광과 존귀로 관 씌우시며 8 만물을 그 발아래 복종케 하셨느니라 하였으니 만물로 저에게 복종케 하셨은즉 복종치 않은 것이 하나도 없으나 지금 우리가 만물이 아직 저에게 복종한 것을 보지 못하고 (고전06:3 우리가 천사를 판단할 것을 너희가 알지 못하느냐 그러하거든 하물며 세상 일이랴 (골02:18 누구든지 일부러 겸손함과 천사 숭배함을 인하여 너희 상을 빼앗지 못하게 하라 저가 그 본 것을 의지하여 그 육체의 마음을 좇아 헛되이 과장하고 (계19:10 내가 그 발 앞에 엎드려 경배하려 하니 그가 나더러 말하기를 나는 너와 및 예수의 증거를 받은 네 형제들과 같이 된 종이니 삼가 그리하지 말고 오직 하나님께 경배하라 예수의 증거는 대언의 영이라 하더라 (계22:9 저가 내게 말하기를 나는 너와 네 형제 선지자들과 또 이 책의 말을 지키는 자들과 함께 된 종이니 그리하지 말고 오직 하나님께 경배하라 하더라 In Ps. 8:5 the word is elohim, 'God:' the name of God being given to the angels as His representatives: cf. Ps. 82:6. In Ps. 68:17 it is shinan 'repetition;' reading "even thousands upon thousands." In Ps. 78:25 it is abbir, 'mighty:' "every one did eat the bread of the mighty" margin. (시008:5 저를 천사보다 조금 못하게 하시고 영화와 존귀로 관을 씌우셨나이다 (시082:6 내가 말하기를 너희는 신들이며 다 지존자의 아들들이라 하였으나 (시068:17 하나님의 병거가 천천이요 만만이라 주께서 그 중에 계심이 시내산 성소에 계심 같도다 (시078:25 사람이 권세 있는 자의 떡을 먹음이여 하나님이 식물을 충족히 주셨도다 --- Morrish Bible Dictionary

▶ 머리 Head. Besides the common use of this as 'chief,' referring to the heads of families and heads of tribes, the word was used symbolically of government and power, as when God declared that the Seed of the woman should bruise the serpent's 'head.' Gen. 3:15. In the N.T. the term κεφαλή is employed for the relative position of man in nature, and of Christ and of God: the head of the woman is the man; the head of every man is Christ; and the head of Christ is God. 1 Cor. 11:3. In another connection Christ is the head of the church, Eph. 5:23; Col. 1:18; and He is head over all things to the church. Eph. 1:22; Col. 2:10. As head of the church Christ removes entirely every other controlling or guiding authority. As the head of a man guides and controls his body, so Christ has the complete control over His church. (창03:15 머리 (고전11:3 (엡01:22; (골02:10 In Rev. 12:3 the 'head' symbolises a form of power or kingdom; and in Rev. 17:3, 9, the seven heads are seven mountains on which the woman sitteth, representing Rome, which was commonly described as built upon seven hills, and the woman signifies Papal Rome. (계12:3 (계17:3, 9 --- Morrish Bible Dictionary

▶ 제단 Altar. A structure on which to offer sacrifices to God: imitated by the heathen in honour of their false gods. The first altar we read of was built by Noah on leaving the ark, on which he offered burnt offerings of every clean beast and clean fowl. Gen. 8:20. Abraham, Isaac and Jacob also built altars to the Lord: these would have been constructed of stone or earth, but it is remarkable that we seldom read of their offering sacrifices on them. At times it is simply said they built an altar unto the Lord and at other times they built an altar and called upon the name of the Lord. The altars appear to have been erected as places of drawing near to God, of which sacrifice was the basis. (창08:20 제단 Moses was told that in all places where God recorded His name they should build an altar of wood or of stone and offer thereon sheep and oxen for burnt offerings and peace offerings; but such altars if made of stone were not to be made of hewn stone; for had they lifted up a tool upon it, it would have been defiled. Ex. 20:25, 26. There must be nothing of man's handiwork in approaching to God: a principle, alas, grossly violated in the professing church of God! It is added, "neither shalt thou go up by steps unto mine altar, that thy nakedness be not discovered thereon." Man's contrivance is here forbidden, for in divine things anything of his only manifests the utter shamelessness of that which springs from fallen nature: cf. Col. 2:20-23. When the tabernacle was made, minute instructions were given to Moses, and he was to make everything as had been shown him in the mount. (출20:25, 26 (골02:20-23 The Brazen Altar 놋제단 was to be made of shittim wood overlaid with brass, whence its name; it was to be 3 cubits high and 5 cubits on each side.* Ex. 27:1-8. In the temple built by Solomon this altar was made of brass, and was 10 cubits high and 20 cubits in length and breadth (same size as the holiest of all). 2 Chr. 4:1. See Ezek. 43:13-17 for the altar in the future temple. The brazen altar was also called "the altar of burnt offering:" on it a fire was constantly burning, Lev. 6:9, and on it the offerings were consumed, that is, on the 'grate' that was placed in its midst. It had horns at each of its corners, on which the blood of the sin offering was placed. Thither men fled for refuge and caught hold of the horns for safety. 1 Kings 1:50, 51: cf. Ex. 21:14. The position of the brazen altar arrested the offerer as he entered the court, and pointed out that the only way of access to the Lord was by a sacrifice. Death must take place ere fallen man could enter the dwelling place of God. (출27:1-8 2 (대하04:1 (겔43:13-17 (레06:9 (왕상01:50, 51: (출21:14 *The number 5 suggests responsibility thus 5 senses; 5 fingers, and 5 toes - man in exercise and responsibility. The ALTAR is the symbol of Christ and His work, which meets responsibility. In the N.T. the principle is brought out, that to eat of a sacrifice manifests communion with the altar on which the sacrifice is made. So that one cannot drink the Lord's cup and the cup of demons, nor partake of the Lord's table and of the table of demons. 1 Cor. 10:18-21. (고전10:18-21 To the Hebrew believers it was said, "We have an altar whereof they have no right to eat which serve the tabernacle." Heb. 13:10. This refers to the sin-offering, whose blood was carried into the holiest, the flesh of which was not eaten, but burnt without the camp. Jesus had suffered without the gate, and hence to be in company with Him, believers were instructed to quit the camp; that is, to leave Judaism. As still serving the tabernacle they had no right to the christian's altar. (히13:10 In the Revelation there is the golden altar 금 제단 in heaven, and much incense ascends with the prayers of the saints; but fire from the brazen altar is cast upon the earth, and it is followed by judgements, Rev. 8:3-5: cf. also Rev. 9:13. And John heard the altar say (as the passage should read) "Yea, Lord God Almighty, true and righteous are thy judgements," Rev. 16:7: this is no doubt the brazen altar, cf. chap. 6:9, and Isa. 6:6. (계08:3-5: (계09:13. (계16:7 (사06:6 The Altar of Incense was made of shittim wood, overlaid with pure gold. Ex. 30:1-5; Ex. 37:25-28. It was in length and in breadth 1 cubit, and in height 2 cubits. In Solomon's temple this altar was made of cedar overlaid with gold, but its size is not given. In the temple described by Ezekiel the altar of incense is 2 cubits in length, and 3 cubits in height. Ezek. 41:22. The Altar of Incense is also called the GOLDEN ALTAR. Its situation was in the holy place, with the golden candlestick and the table of showbread. On this altar holy incense was to be burnt both morning and evening, typical of the Lord Jesus being a perpetual sweet savour to God. It was by the side of this altar that the angel appeared to Zacharias when he announced the conception and birth of John the Baptist. Luke 1:11. (출30:1-5 (출37:25-28 (겔41:22 Altar to the unknown God. Whatever the origin of this inscription on the altar at Athens, it afforded the apostle Paul an admirable thesis for his discourse to the idolatrous Athenians. It was this very God he had come to reveal to them. Acts 17:23. (행17:23 단 --- Morrish Bible Dictionary

▶ 점쟁이 Divination. 점,점술,예언 / Enchantments The numerous references in scripture to the various forms of occult science, as it is now called, and the strong denunciations against the Israelites having anything to do with it, show that it was a dangerous reality, however much deception might at times have been associated with it. We read of it first in Gen. 41:8, when Pharaoh called for all the magicians, chartummim, of Egypt and the wise men, to interpret his dream. All their resources failing, God's man in the prison was called forth to show the dream, and this proved the occasion of working out God's purposes respecting Joseph. Doubtless the above class of men were eminent for their learning, as those were at the court of Babylon, over whom Daniel was made chief. Dan. 4:7, 9. (창41:8 아침에 그 마음이 번민하여 보내어 애굽의 술객과 박사를 모두 불러 그들에게 그 꿈을 고하였으나 그것을 바로에게 해석하는 자가 없었더라 (단04:7, 9. 7박수와 술객과 갈대아 술사와 점장이가 들어왔기로 내가 그 꿈을 그들에게 고하였으나 그들이 그 해석을 내게 알게 하지 못하였느니라, 9박수장 벨드사살아 네 안에는 거룩한 신들의 영이 있은즉 아무 은밀한 것이라도 네게는 어려울 것이 없는줄을 내가 아노니 내 꿈에 본 이상의 해석을 내게 고하라 Among those in Egypt there were some at least who were able to exercise powers beyond what they obtained by human learning. When Moses was endeavouring by means of signs to convince Pharaoh of the power of God, the magicians of Egypt were able to turn their rods into serpents, and to simulate the first two plagues with their enchantments. Ex. 7:22; Ex. 8:7. These plagues were 'turning the water into blood' and 'bringing up frogs upon the land.' This was beyond mere human power, and certainly the magicians did not work by the power of God; it must therefore have been by the power of Satan. We know not the nature of the enchantments used, the word is lat, and signifies 'secret, magic arts.' Satan can suggest what incantations to employ, if man is willing, and can exercise his powers as far as permitted by God. After the first two plagues the power was stopped, and the magicians had to own, when lice were produced, "This is the finger of God." (출07:22 애굽 술객들도 자기 술법으로 그와 같이 행하므로 바로의 마음이 강퍅하여 그들을 듣지 아니하니 여호와의 말씀과 같더라 (출08:7 술객들도 자기 술법대로 이와 같이 행하여 개구리로 애굽 땅에 올라오게 하였더라 In Deut. 18:10, 11 there is a list of things bearing on our subject which were denounced by the Lord: (신18:10 그의 아들이나 딸을 불 가운데로 지나게 하는 자나 점쟁이나 길흉을 말하는 자나 요술하는 자나 무당이나 11 진언자나 신접자나 박수나 초혼자를 너희 가운데에 용납하지 말라 Deu 18:10-11 KJV - There shall not be found among you any one that maketh his son or his daughter to pass through the fire, or that useth divination, or an observer of times, or an enchanter, or a witch, 11 Or a charmer, or a consulter with familiar spirits, or a wizard, or a necromancer. 1. 점쟁이 DIVINATION, qesem, 'prediction.' A remarkable passage in Ezek. 21:21, 22 gives some instances of how the heathen divined. The king of Babylon had come to two roads, and wanting to know whether he should take the road to Rabbath or to Jerusalem, resorted to divination. First 'he shook his arrows' (as it should be translated). Doubtless two or more arrows were marked each with the name of one of the cities, and shaken in the quiver, whichever arrow was taken by the right hand decided which road was to be taken. Jerusalem fell to the right hand. Perhaps the king was doubtful, so he consulted with images, teraphim; it is not known how these were used for divination: cf. Zech. 10:2. The king still sought another guide: 'he looked in the liver.' By certain set rules the intestines of a sacrifice were said to be propitious or the reverse. The king using three sets of prognostications shows that he had no great confidence in his divinations: he may have been often deceived by them previously. How different from an answer from God vouchsafed to Israel! (겔21:21-22 점 점괘 21바벨론 왕이 갈랫길 곧 두 길 머리에 서서 점을 치되 살들을 흔들어 우상에게 묻고 희생의 간을 살펴서 22오른손에 예루살렘으로 갈 점괘를 얻었으므로 공성퇴를 베풀며 입을 벌리고 살륙하며 소리를 높여 외치며 성문을 향하여 공성퇴를 베풀고 토성을 쌓고 운제를 세우게 되었나니 (슥10:2 대저 드라빔들은 허탄한 것을 말하며 복술자는 진실치 않은 것을 보고 거짓꿈을 말한즉 그 위로함이 헛되므로 백성이 양 같이 유리하며 목자가 없으므로 곤고를 당하나니 Other means of divination are named, as, 'divining by the cup.' Gen. 44:5, 15. This was practised by the Egyptians and Persians and is thus described: small pieces of metal and stones, marked with signs were thrown into the cup, and answers gathered from the marks as they fell. Sometimes the cup was filled with water, and, as the sun fell upon the water, images were seen or fancied on its surface. Another reference is "My people ask counsel at their stocks and their staff declareth unto them." Hosea 4:12. The Arabs used two rods, on one of which was written God bids, and on the other God forbids, these were shaken together, and the first that fell, or was drawn, was taken for the answer; or one rod was thrown up and the direction in which it pointed when it fell was answer. It will be seen here that a 'stock' or god was invoked that what the staff declared should be controlled by him. So in all divination, incantations were used, and the gods invoked to let the replies given be the most favourable. Behind all this we know there were demons who controlled the results given, so as to work out the purposes of Satan. (창44:5,15 5이것은 내 주인이 가지고 마시며 늘 점치는데 쓰는 것이 아니냐 너희가 이같이 하니 악하도다 하라, 15요셉이 그들에게 이르되 너희가 어찌하여 이런 일을 행하였느냐 나 같은 사람이 점 잘 칠 줄을 너희가 알지 못하느냐 (호04:12 내 백성이 나무를 향하여 묻고 그 막대기는 저희에게 고하나니 이는 저희가 음란한 마음에 미혹되어 그 하나님의 수하를 음란하듯 떠났음이니라 In the Acts we find a damsel possessed with a spirit of divination, or of Python. This was the prophetic oracle at Delphi, held to be the centre and focus of Gentile divination. An evil spirit connected with that oracle possessed this young woman. The testimony of the evil spirit to the servants of the most high God is remarkable: it may have been compelled to speak thus when brought face to face with the power of God (as the demons owned Christ): but the apostle could not tolerate commendation from such a source — the spirit was cast out by a superior power. Her soothsaying or divination was stopped, and her master lost the source of his evil gains Acts 16:16-19. (행16:16-19 우리가 기도하는 곳에 가다가 점하는 귀신 들린 여종 하나를 만나니 점으로 그 주인들을 크게 이하게 하는지라 바울과 우리를 좇아와서 소리 질러 가로되 이 사람들은 지극히 높은 하나님의 종으로 구원의 길을 너희에게 전하는 자 라 하며 이같이 여러 날을 하는지라 바울이 심히 괴로와하여 돌이켜 그 귀신에게 이르되 예수 그리스도의 이름으로 내가 네게 명하노니 그에게서 나오라 하니 귀신이 즉시 나오니라 종의 주인들은 자기 이익의 소망이 끊어진 것을 보고 바울과 실라를 잡아 가지고 저자로 관원들에게 끌어 갔다가 2. 점치며 OBSERVER OF TIMES, or, as others translate it, 'a practiser of augury:' it may have included both. The word is anan, which is also translated 'enchanter, soothsayer, and sorcerer.' An observer of times had his lucky and unlucky days, and nothing must be set on foot without the gods being consulted. We have an instance of this in Esther, when Haman wanted to find a lucky day on which his plans against the Jews should be carried out. They resorted to the lot, but doubtless invoked their god to give it success. Others practised augury for the like purpose of ascertaining the will of their god. Thunder, lightning, observing the clouds, the flight of birds, or the appearance of certain birds, answered their questions. 3. 사술을 행하는 자 ENCHANTER, nachash, 'a whisperer.' This seems to refer to the songs sung or charms muttered as a preliminary to obtaining a response from the spirits they wished to consult. It was one of the things that Manasseh resorted to. 2 Kings 21:6. (왕하21:6 또 그 아들을 불 가운데로 지나게 하며 점치며 사술을 행하며 신접한 자와 박수를 신임하여 여호와 보시기에 악을 많이 행하여 그 진노를 격발하였으며 4. 요술 WITCH or SORCERER. The Hebrew word is kashaph, and refers to the practice of magical arts, with the intent to injure man or beast, or to pervert the mind; to bewitch. It may be that they had no power to injure another unless that person, out of curiosity or friendship, was a willing listener to the incantations used. Manasseh practised also this wickedness. 2 Chr. 33:6. Nineveh is compared to a well-favoured harlot, the mistress of witchcrafts. Nahum 3:4. The woman at Endor is usually called a witch. (대하33:6 또 힌놈의 아들 골짜기에서 그 아들들을 불 가운데로 지나게 하며 또 점치며 사술과 요술을 행하며 신접한 자와 박수를 신임하여 여호와 보시기에 악을 많이 행하여 그 진노를 격발하였으며 (나03:4 이는 마술의 주인된 아리따운 기생이 음행을 많이 함을 인함이라 그가 그 음행으로 열국을 미혹하고 그 마술로 여러 족속을 미혹하느니라 5. 술사 CHARMER, from chabar, 'to join together, to fascinate.' It is associated with another word, lachash, 'to speak in a soft gentle manner,' and then is applied to the charming of serpents. Ps. 58:5. In like manner man is deceived and disarmed of his aversion to intercourse with evil spirits until he finds himself under their sway. In Isa. 19:3 another word, ittim, is translated 'charmer' with a similar meaning, as giving a gentle sound in the incantations of the sorcerers. (시058:5 곧 술사가 아무리 공교한 방술을 행할찌라도 그 소리를 듣지 아니하는 독사로다 (사19:3 애굽인의 정신이 그 속에서 쇠약할 것이요 그 도모는 그의 파하신바가 되리니 그들이 우상과 마술사와 신접한 자와 요술객에게 물으리로다 6. 신접한 자 CONSULTER WITH FAMILIAR SPIRITS. The word is ob, which signifies 'a leathern bottle or skin,' and is supposed to imply that the persons alluded to were professedly inflated with a spirit. It occurs sixteen times and is translated in all the places as above. As an example of the meaning of this word we have the woman at Endor whom Saul consulted: she is said to have had a familiar spirit. Saul at once said to the woman, "Bring me him up whom I shall name unto thee." The woman, as soon as her life was secured by an oath, replied, "Whom shall I bring up unto thee?" Apparently it was her profession to call up departed spirits, but on this occasion she recognised the work of a superior power, for when she saw Samuel she cried with a loud voice. Samuel told Saul that he and his sons on the morrow would be with him. Whether having the power to call up departed spirits is always implied in the above word is not known. A remarkable thing, in connection with those who have a familiar spirit, is that apparently there is a voice heard 'out of the ground.' Isa. 29:4.* (사29:4 네가 낮아져서 땅에서 말하며 네 말소리가 나직히 티끌에서 날 것이라 네 목소리가 신접한 자의 목소리 같이 땅에서 나며 네 말소리가 티끌에서 지껄거리리라 * It has been doubted by many whether it was really Samuel that arose, because of his being God's prophet. The woman had reckoned that her familiar demon would personate as usual: hence her fear when God allowed Samuel's spirit in this special instance to appear. Of course Satan can do nothing without God's permission, but it must be remembered that it is Satan that had the power of death, Heb. 2:14; and both Hades and Death, as powers of Satan, will eventually be cast into the lake of fire. Rev. 20:14. (히02:14 자녀들은 혈육에 함께 속하였으매 그도 또한 한 모양으로 혈육에 함께 속하심은 사망으로 말미암아 사망의 세력을 잡은 자 곧 마귀를 없이 하시며 (계20:14 사망과 음부도 불못에 던지우니 이것은 둘째 사망 곧 불못이라 7. 박수 WIZARD, from yiddeoni, 'a knowing, wise one.' The only thing said in scripture concerning such is that they 'chirp and mutter.' Isa. 8:19. This was doubtless a part of their incantations, used to bewilder those who came for advice, and needful perhaps to arouse to action the spirit they wished to consult. The counsel may have been good at times in order the more effectually to draw the deluded ones under the influence of the evil spirits. (사08:19 혹이 너희에게 고하기를 지절거리며 속살거리는 신접한 자와 마술사에게 물으라 하거든 백성이 자기 하나님께 구할것이 아니냐 산 자를 위하여 죽은 자에게 구하겠느냐 하라 8. 초혼자 NECROMANCER, from darash methim, 'to consult the dead.' This occurs only in Deut. 18:11, though the same is implied in Isa. 8:19; Should the living go to the dead? should they not seek unto their God? And in Ps. 106:28 we read of some who 'ate the sacrifices of the dead,' which may have been a preliminary to consulting them. The above is the list given in Deut. 18:10, 11; a few still demand attention. (신18:11 진언자나 신접자나 박수나 초혼자를 너의 중에 용납하지 말라 (시106:28 저희가 또 바알브올과 연합하여 죽은 자에게 제사한 음식을 먹어서 9. 하늘을 살피는 자 ASTROLOGERS, habar shamaym, 'dividers of the heavens' for astrological purposes. Isa. 47:13. The word for 'astrologers' throughout Daniel is a different word, ashshaph, and does not imply any connection with the heavens, but is rather 'sorcerers' or 'enchanters,' as we read with reference to Babylon in Isa. 47:9, 12, where a multitude of sorceries and great abundance of enchantments are spoken of. Along with the Babylonish astrologers in Isa. 47:13 are associated STAR-GAZERS, who may have prognosticated events from the altered positions of the planets in respect to the stars. To this is added MONTHLY PROGNOSTICATORS, who probably drew their deductions from the moon. Connected with Babylon is also the word SOOTHSAYER, gezar, 'to divide, determine fate or destiny' by any pretended means of predicting events. Isa 47:13 KJV - Thou art wearied in the multitude of thy counsels. Let now the astrologers, the stargazers, the monthly prognosticators, stand up, and save thee from these things that shall come upon thee. (사47:13 네가 많은 계략으로 말미암아 피곤하게 되었도다 하늘을 살피는 자와 별을 보는 자와 초하룻날에 예고하는 자들에게 일어나 네게 임할 그 일에서 너를 구원하게 하여 보라 9한 날에 홀연히 자녀를 잃으며 과부가 되는 이 두 일이 네게 임할 것이라 네가 무수한 사술과 많은 진언을 베풀찌라도 이 일이 온전히 네게 임하리라 12이제 너는 젊어서부터 힘쓰던 진언과 많은 사술을 가지고 서서 시험하여 보라 혹시 유익을 얻을 수 있을는지, 혹시 원수를 이길 수 있을는지 In the N.T., besides the case referred to of the damsel possessed by a spirit of Python, we read of others, such as Simon who used sorcery and bewitched the people of Samaria for a long time, Acts 8:9-11; and Elymas the sorcerer, a Jew who was met with in Cyprus, who perverted the right ways of the Lord. Acts 13:6, 8. These used magical arts (called 'curious arts' in Acts 19:19) and bewitched the people. Another word is used for sorceries in the Revelation, φαρμακεία, which refers to drugs, 'to stupefy with drugs,' and then for any system of sorcery by incantations. Rev. 9:21; Rev. 18:23; cf. Rev. 21:8; Rev. 22:15. Sorcery is classed with the grossest of sins, and is also applied to the professing church in mystical Babylon. The same word is translated 'witchcraft' in Gal. 5:20. (행08:9-11 그 성에 시몬이라 하는 사람이 전부터 있어 마술을 행하여 사마리아 백성을 놀라게 하며 자칭 큰 자라 하니 낮은 사람부터 높은 사람까지 다 청종하여 가로되 이 사람은 크다 일컫는 하나님의 능력이라 하더라 오래 동안 그 마술에 놀랐으므로 저희가 청종하더니 (행13:6,8 6온 섬 가운데로 지나서 바보에 이르러 바예수라 하는 유대인 거짓 선지자 박수를 만나니, 8이 박수 엘루마는(이 이름을 번역하면 박수라) 저희를 대적하여 총독으로 믿지 못하게 힘쓰니 (행19:19 또 마술을 행하던 많은 사람이 그 책을 모아 가지고 와서 모든 사람 앞에서 불사르니 그 책 값을 계산한즉 은 오만이나 되더라 (계09:21 또 그 살인과 복술과 음행과 도적질을 회개치 아니하더라 (계18:23 등불 빛이 결코 다시 네 가운데서 비취지 아니하고 신랑과 신부의 음성이 결코 다시 네 가운데서 들리지 아니하리로다 너의 상고들은 땅의 왕족들이라 네 복술을 인하여 만국이 미혹되었도다 (계21:8 그러나 두려워하는 자들과 믿지 아니하는 자들과 흉악한 자들과 살인자들과 행음자들과 술객들과 우상 숭배자들과 모든 거짓말 하는 자들은 불과 유황으로 타는 못에 참예하리니 이것이 둘째 사망이라 (계22:15 개들과 술객들과 행음자들과 살인자들과 우상 숭배자들과 및 거짓말을 좋아하며 지어내는 자마다 성밖에 있으리라 (갈05:20 우상 숭배와 술수와 원수를 맺는 것과 분쟁과 시기와 분냄과 당 짓는 것과 분리함과 이단과 The above is a brief glance at the subtle power of Satan in the unseen world, by which he deludes mankind, at least where man is the willing victim. Is it not clear that divination should not be confounded with mere jugglery? However much that may be associated with it, the real power of Satan is behind it. Some sorcerers converted in modern times in various parts of the earth have confessed that they were controlled by a power beyond their own; but that it ceased entirely on their believing and confessing Christ. It is important to see that this power is of Satan, because of the great increase in the present day of attempting to have intercourse with the spirits of the dead, to which even Christians may be, and indeed have been, drawn out of mere curiosity. "Let no man beguile you of your reward . . . . intruding into those things which he hath not seen, vainly puffed up by his fleshly mind." Col. 2:18. (골02:18 누구든지 일부러 겸손함과 천사 숭배함을 인하여 너희 상을 빼앗지 못하게 하라 저가 그 본 것을 의지하여 그 육체의 마음을 좇아 헛되이 과장하고 --- Morrish Bible Dictionary

▶ 자의적 숭배 Will-worship. Worship that springs from the will of man and which satisfies the flesh. Col. 2:23. Ordinances commanded by man come under this category, though their observance may be thought to be acceptable to God by the worshippers. (골02: --- Morrish Bible Dictionary

▶ 나스티시즘, 영지주의, 그노시즘 Gnosticism. 불완전한 신인 데미우르고스가 완전한 신의 영(프네우마)을 이용해 물질을 창조하였고, 인간은 참된 지식인 그노시스를 얻음으로써 구원을 얻을 수 있다는 구조. 예수의 존재 조차 인정 하지 않고 명상을 함으로써, 신과 교감을 하고, 예수와 같은 그리스도가 되는게 제일 목표 An early system of philosophy professedly Christian. One of their theories was that the Lord was an Æon and not really a man. Apparently to refute this the apostle insists on Christ having come 'in flesh.' 1 John 4:2, 3; 2 John 1:7. The same may be alluded to in Col. 2:9, "in him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily," in opposition to their mysticism. See GENEALOGIES. (요일04:2, 3; (요이01:7. (골02:9 --- Morrish Bible Dictionary

▶ 초보, 물질 Elements, στοιχεῖον, 'rudiments, first steps.' 1. Applied to children at the 'commencement' of their training; and to the law as the 'early' way of God's dealing with Israel; but now called 'beggarly' because it has lost its glory through the failure of man, and the introduction of Christ Himself. Gal. 4:3, 9. The word, with a similar meaning, is translated 'rudiments' in Col. 2:8, 20, and 'principles' in Heb. 5:12. (골02: 초등 (히05: 초보 (골02:8 누가 철학과 헛된 속임수로 너희를 사로잡을까 주의하라 이것은 사람의 전통과 세상의 초등학문을 따름이요 그리스도를 따름이 아니니라 2. The material elements of the universe, which will be melted with great heat in the day of the Lord. 2 Peter 3:10, 12. (벧후03:10,12 물질 (벧후03:10 그러나 주의 날이 도둑 같이 오리니 그 날에는 하늘이 큰 소리로 떠나가고 물질이 뜨거운 불에 풀어지고 땅과 그 중에 있는 모든 일이 드러나리로다 --- Morrish Bible Dictionary

▶ 권세 Principality. The status of those who hold the first place, as rulers among men, Titus 3:1; but the word especially refers to the spiritual high powers in the unseen world, whether good or bad. They were created by the Lord, and He is head of them all. Col. 1:16; Col. 2:10. Some fell from the position of trust given them: they kept not their first estate or principality. Jude 6. Others contend against the heavenly position of the saints. Eph. 6:12. The Lord 'spoiled' principalities on the cross, Col. 2:15; and at His resurrection He was exalted by God far above all such created powers. Eph. 1:21; Eph. 3:10. (딛03:1 (골01:16 (골02:10 (유1:6 지위 (엡06:12 (골02:15 (엡01:21 (엡03:10 --- Morrish Bible Dictionary

▶ 권능, 권세 Power. The two principal words in the N.T. translated 'power' are 1, δύναμις, and 2, ἐξουσία. It is important to see the difference between them, for their signification is not at all the same. No. 1 may be described as 'capacity, moral or physical ability, power.' No. 2 signifies 'delegated authority, right, privilege, title.' The latter always supposes power to exercise the right; but in the former there is no thought of right or authority. No. 1 is translated in the A.V. 'ability, might, mighty, mighty deeds, miracles, power, strength, violence, mighty works, wonderful works,' etc. which will help further to show the character of the word, contrasted with No. 2, which is translated 'authority, jurisdiction, liberty, power, right, and strength.' The word 'power' occurs in both lists, and this needs to be cleared of any ambiguity. No. 2 is often translated 'power' where some other word would convey the sense better; but there is no single word in the English language that exactly answers to the Greek, and which would suit in all places. A concordance must be consulted for a full list of the occurrences: a few passages only are cited. All 'authority' is given to the Lord Jesus. Matt. 9:6; Matt. 28:18; John 17:2. Satan offered to give to the Lord 'authority' over the kingdoms of the world which had been delivered to him, if the Lord would fall down and worship him. Luke 4:6. To as many as received the Lord, to them gave He 'right ' or 'title' to become the children of God. John 1:12. "There is no 'authority' but of God," No. 2 occurring five times in Rom. 13:1-3. Along with 'principality' occurs No. 2 in Eph. 1:21; Eph. 3:10; Eph. 6:12; Col. 1:16; Col. 2:10, 15; Titus 3:1. (마09:6 권능 (마28:18 권세 (요17:2 (눅04:6 권위 (요01:12 권세 (롬13:1-3 (엡01:21 (엡03:10 (엡06:12 (골01:16 (골02:10, 15 (딛03:1 The principal thing to remember is that No. 2 signifies a delegated right or title, with the presumed power or strength to enforce the right; whereas in No. 1 it is strength or power only. --- Morrish Bible Dictionary

철학 철학자 Philosophy, Philosopher. The words φιλόσοφος, φιλόσοφία signify 'a lover, or, love of wisdom.' The wisdom that God gives, the wisdom 'from above,' must ever be distinguished from that which emanates from man. This latter is variously designated in scripture as the wisdom of this world, fleshly wisdom, wisdom of man, the wisdom that does not come from above. This in regard to the things of God is only foolishness. It has an entirely different source, and works in the natural mind of man, which should not have any place in Christianity. The Colossian saints were warned against being spoiled by such philosophy and vain deceit, after the tradition of men, after the rudiments of the world; which stands in contrast to what is 'after Christ.' Col. 2:8: cf. 1 Tim. 6:20. Then as to the gospel, the Greeks sought after wisdom, and to preach Christ crucified was foolishness to them. 1 Cor. 1:22, 23. It was so at Athens, when Paul preached to the philosophers. They said, "He seemeth to be a setter forth of strange gods." And why? "Because he preached unto them Jesus and the resurrection." Paul spoke to them first of the true God, but when he came to the truth of 'the Man' whom God had raised from the dead, some mocked, and others would hear him another time. Acts 17:18-32. See EPICUREANS, GNOSTICISM, STOICS. (골02:8 (딤전06:20 (고전01:22,23 (행17:18-32 The philosophy of modern days has the same source, the mind of man, though it acts differently in respect to Christianity. For instance, with some, Christianity is regarded as emanating from man, and so is compared with Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, all of which are said to be branches of the same religion of man; though Christianity is judged to be the best, none are to be condemned; there is truth in them all! Others sit in judgement on the word of God, and profess to be able to cut out many parts as not being written by the professed writers, and having no claim, ought not to form a part of scripture. Others declare that modern thought cannot be cramped up in the dogmas hitherto held by Christians almost universally, which in general really means what scripture teaches. According to the advocates of another theory, the wisest thing is to be ignorant of everything except what the senses or the higher affections teach. As to whether there is a Being in any higher position than man, or any future existence for man, they know nothing, and there is, they say, no means of knowing: it is all unknown. The key to their ignorance of God (which they call Agnosticism) is that they do not want to obey, or to know Him. Again, another class resort to spirits, and let them teach them: they imagine the inhabitants of the unseen world must be able to tell them what is true, and these spirits even profess to interpret scripture for them. These and other delusions prove how busy Satan is in using the mind of man to exalt man in his own eyes, and to lead him away from the scriptures, which alone are able to make wise unto salvation. --- Morrish Bible Dictionary

▶ 사탄.마귀 Satan. [Sa'tan] Heathengod A name by which THE DEVIL, the great enemy of God and man, is designated. The name may be said to be the same in Hebrew, Greek, and English, and signifies 'adversary,' as the word is rendered in several places where other adversaries are alluded to: cf. Num. 22:22; 1 Kings 11:14, 23, 25. It was Satan who at the outset deceived Eve, for it is clear that the dragon, the old serpent, the devil, and Satan all represent the same evil spirit. Rev. 20:2. Satan was the great adversary of God's people in O.T. times, 1 Chr. 21:1; the tempter of the Lord Jesus, who treated him as Satan; and is the tempter and adversary of the saints and of all mankind now. He endeavours to neutralise the effect of the gospel; catches away the good seed sown in the heart (Matt. 13), and blinds the minds of the unbelieving lest the light of the gospel of Christ's glory should shine to them. His efforts are frustrated by God or none would be saved. (민22: (왕상11: (계20: (대상21: (마13: Further, to counteract God's work, Satan has raised up heretics to mingle with the saints and to corrupt them by evil doctrine, as taught in the metaphor of the tares sown among the wheat. He goes about as a roaring lion seeking whom he may devour, but saints are told to resist him, and he will flee from them. The power of death, which Satan had, has been annulled by Christ in His death. Saints are warned against his devices, for he is transformed into an angel of light, a teacher of morality. God has provided complete armour for His saints in order that they may withstand him and all his wiles, and has given them the sword of the Spirit (the word of God), as a weapon of attack. Eph. 6:11-18. (엡06: The origin of Satan is not definitely stated, but if Ezekiel 28:12-19 refer to him, under the appellation of the king of Tyre (as was very early believed in the church, and may be correct), he is described as the anointed cherub that 'covereth;' all the precious stones and gold were also his covering, resplendent by reflected light; he had a place in Eden, the garden of God, and was upon the holy mountain of God. He was perfect in his ways from the day he was created, until iniquity was found in him. Tyre, in its worldly wisdom and beauty, is looked at morally as the creation of the prince and god of this world. He will eventually be cast out as profane and find his portion in the lake of fire. (겔28: In the Epistle of Jude, the act of Michael the archangel in reference to Satan is given as an example of restraint in speaking of dignities: he dared not bring a railing accusation against the devil, but said, "The Lord rebuke thee." This implies that Satan had been set in dignity, which, though he had fallen, was still to be respected — as Saul's life was sacred in David's eyes because he was the anointed of God, though he had then fallen. That Satan had been set in dignity is confirmed by the fact of Christ having on the cross spoiled 'principalities and authorities' (ἐξουσία), not simply 'powers.' Col. 2:15. (골02: The expressions "the prince of this world," "the god of this world," and "the prince of the power of the air," all presumably refer to Satan. When the Lord was tempted in the wilderness, Satan, after showing Him "all the kingdoms of the world," proposed to give to Him all the power and glory of them, if He would worship him, adding "for that is delivered unto me: and to whomsoever I will I give it." Luke 4:5, 6. (눅04: From the Book of Job we learn that Satan has access to God in the heavens; the Christian wrestles with the spiritual powers of wickedness in the heavenlies; and a day is coming when Michael and his angels will fight against Satan and his angels, and the latter will be cast out of heaven. This seems to indicate that Satan has a place in heaven originally given to him by God. During the millennium he will be shut up in the abyss, then loosed for a little season, and finally be cast into the lake of fire, a place prepared for him and his angels. When Jesus was born, Satan attempted to destroy Him. Matt. 2:16; Rev. 12:1-5. At the close of the Lord's course Satan was the great mover in His being put to death. To accomplish this Satan entered into Judas the traitor, whereas, as far as is revealed, in other cases, possession was by a demon, and not by Satan himself. When the Lord was arrested He said to the Jews, "This is your hour and the power of darkness." But Christ was morally the victor: in His death He annulled him that had the power of death, that is, the devil: He led captivity captive. Still Satan works, and will, when cast down to earth, be the spirit of a trinity of evil. He gives his throne and authority to the beast, that is, to the resuscitated Roman Empire, whose power is wielded by the Antichrist. Rev. 13. He will also be the leader of the nations in the last battle against the camp of the saints. Rev. 20:7-9. (마02: (계12: (계13: (계20: It is remarkable that, notwithstanding the malignity of Satan, God uses him in the discipline of His saints, as in the case of Job, but allows the evil one to go only as far as He pleases. Paul used his apostolic power to commit some to Satan for the destruction of the flesh. 1 Cor. 5:5; 1 Tim. 1:20. The thorn in the flesh which Paul himself had was a messenger of Satan to buffet him, lest he should be puffed up because of the marvellous revelations made to him in the third heaven. It is well to remember that Satan is morally a vanquished foe, for he is exposed; and that no Christian can be touched by him except as permitted and controlled by his God and Father in discipline for his good. (고전05: (딤전01: The epithet 'Devil' is from 'to strike through,' and hence figuratively to stab with accusation: so Satan is called "the accuser of the brethren." Rev. 12:10: cf. Zech. 3:1, 2. Satan and the devil being identical, there is but one devil. In the A.V. of the N.T., where 'devils' are spoken of, the word in the original is always 'demons.' (계12: (슥03: --- Morrish Bible Dictionary

▶ 라오디게아(Laodicea) 뜻: 정의 소아시아 부루기아의 수도이며 골로새에서 서쪽으로 16마일, 에베소에서180km 떨어진 지점. 알렉산더가 죽은 후 SELEUCID왕가의 ANTIOCHUS 2세가 그의 부인 LAODICE의 이름을 따서 도시 이름을 라오디게아라 불렀다. 성서시대 라오디게아는 소아시아 프리지아(Phryghia, 성서상의 부르기아)의 수도로 교통의 요지인 리커스 계곡에 위치하여, 부유한 상업도시로서 발전했다. 라오디게아는 근처의 히에라볼리에서 흘러내리는 온천물이 이곳에서 만나기 때문에 질병치료에 도움을 주었을 뿐아니라 귓병을 치료하는 특효약과 콜로니온이라 불리우는 안약의 산지로 유명하여 의료도시로서도 명성을 얻게 되었다. 이곳에서 6.5KM 떨어진 히에라볼리의 온천 물이 수로를 통해 라오디게아로 흘러 들어오게 하였다. 라오디게아의 온천 물은 이곳에 도착하면 식어서 덥지도 차지도 않은 물이 되었다. 이 말씀은 라오디게아 교회의 믿음이 덥지도 차지도 않음을 책망하고 있다. (1) 바울의 전도로 복음이 들어감(골02:1). (2) 요한이 묵시를 받아 근방 6교회와 같이 권면함(계01:11) * 토이기에게 정복되기까지는 신도가 많았으나 지금은 자취가 없어졌다. 현재의 라오디게아는 없고 여러번의 지진으로 땅속에 묻혀진 도시다. 이곳의 교회터라고 보는 장소도 언제 어떤 교회터인지도 잘 모른다. 이곳에는 현재 로마식 야외 운동장과 원형 극장 터가 발견 되었다. ▶ 계시록의 일곱교회 : 에베소 / 서머나 / 버가모 / 두아디라 / 사데 / 빌라델비아 / 라오디게아 ▶ 라오디게아 (LAODICEA) 그가 너희와 라오디게아에 있는 자들과 히에라볼리에 있는 자들을 위하여 많이 수고 하는것을 내가 증거 하노라 (골로새서 골04:장 13절) 라오디게아 교회의 사자에게 편지하기를 아멘이시요 충성되고 참된 증인이시요 하나님의 창조의 근본이신이가 가라사대 (계03:장 14절) 라오디게아는 소아시아 프리지아(Phryghia, 성서상의 부르기아)의 수도로 교통의 요지인 리커스 계곡에 위치하여, 부유한 상업도시로서 발전했다. 알렉산더가 죽은 후 셀리우코스(SELEUCID)왕가의 안티오쿠스(ANTIOCHUS) 2세가 그의 부인 LAODICE의 이름을 따서 도시 이름을 라오디게아라 불렀다. 라오디게아는 근처의 히에라볼리에서 흘러내리는 온천물이 이곳에서 만나기 때문에 질병치료에 도움을 주었을 뿐아니라 귓병을 치료하는 특효약과 콜로니온이라 불리우는 안약의 산지로 유명하여 의료도시로서도 명성을 얻게 되었다. 역사상 수차례의 지진으로 인하여, 이 도시의 유적은 대부분, 땅 속에 파묻혀 지금은 황무지화 되어있다. "내가 네 행위를 아노니 네가 차지도 아니하고 더웁지도 아니하도다. 네가 차든지 더웁든지 하기를 원하노라. 네가 이 같이 미지근하여 더웁지도 아니하고 차지도 아니하니 내 입에서 너를 토하여 내 치리라"(계03:15~16) 이곳에서 6.5KM 떨어진 히에라볼리의 온천 물이 수로를 통해 라오디게아로 흘러 들어오게 하였다. 라오디게아의 온천 물은 이곳에 도착하면 식어서 덥지도 차지도 않은 물이 되었다. 이 말씀은 라오디게아 교회의 믿음이 덥지도 차지도 않음을 책망하고 있다. 골로새서에서도 라오디게아에 대하여 언급하고 있는데(골04:16, (골02:1, (골03:13~15) 특히 마지막 절의 문안인사에서 라오디게아에 있는 "눔바"라는 여자의 집에 교회가 세워 졌음을 알 수 있다. 파묵칼레 (PAMUKKALE) 목화의 성이라는 뜻의 파묵칼레라고 불리우는 이곳은 성서상의 히에라볼리이다. 산위에서 수 천년을 두고 흘러내린 칼슘성분이 바위를 덮어 산비탈을 온통 순백의 덩어리로 변화 시켰으며, 층층이 테라스 모양의 천연 욕조를 놓아 대장관을 연출하고 있다. 더구나 이 온천수는 질병 치료에 도움을 주고 있어서 수천년 동안 많은 사람들의 발길이 끊이지 않았다. 최초로 이 지역에 도시를 건설한 군주는 버가모 왕국의 유메네스 2세라고 역사가들은 입을 모으고 있다. 이 도시의 번성은 비잔틴 제국까지 계속되었으며 히에라볼리는 기독교의 대교구가 설치되어 기독교 생활의 중심지이기도 했다. 이곳에서 사도 요한의 수제자중의 한사람이었던 '파파이스와 골소새 지역에서 활약하였던 '에바브라'가 복음 전파에 힘썼다. 히에라볼리는 석회를 함유한 온천지역에 세워진 도시였다. 석회가 굳은 모습이 마치 목화처럼 생겼다하여 목화의성(파묵칼레)이라 불리워 왔다. 이곳의 뒷산에는 사도빌립 순교 기념교회 유적이 남아 있다. 이 교회는 기독교 역사상 중요한 건물이다. 기독교의 사료에 따르면 예수 그리스도의 제자중 하나인 사도 빌립은 말년에 히에라볼리에 와서 전도를 하다가 이 곳에서 순교했다. 기독교가 공인된 후 5세기 경 이곳에 사도 빌립을 추도하기 위한 교회가 세워졌다. (골02:1, (골04:13, (골04:15, (골04:16, (계01:11, (계03:14 lt=37.76986&ln=29.064501

▶ 골로새(Colosse, Colossae) 뜻: 버림 소아시아 남서부 라오디게아 동쪽 부루기아도리고 강변에 위치. 골로새 교회는 에바브라가 설립하고 교인 중에는 빌레몬 오네시모 아킵보등이 있다(몬01:23), (골01:7, (골04:9 ,17). 바울이 친히 서신을 보내고 가지는 않았다(골01:2-Colossae). 소아시아의 부르기아 서남쪽에 있던 성읍. 라오디게아, 히에라볼리와 함께 소아시아에서 수리아로 가는 동서 교통의 요지로, 한때 번영을 누렸으나 신약시대에는 쇠퇴하였다.바울의 제자이자 동역자인 에바브라가 골로새 교회를 개척하였다(골 4:12-13). 당시 교인들 중에서 빌레몬, 오네시모, 아킵보등의 이름이 전해 지고 있다(몬 1:23, 골 1:7, 4:9) ▶ 골로새 Colosse, or Colassae. [Colos'se, or Colas'sae] City on the river Lycus in Phrygia of Asia Minor. Col. 1:2. It appears as though Paul had not visited the city when he wrote the epistle to the church there, cf. Col. 1:7; Col. 2:1; but he may have done so in his journeys or have gone thither from Ephesus. He hoped to visit them soon, Philemon 22, for to this place Philemon and Onesimus belonged. Col. 4:9. Colosse had been a place of importance, but declined on the rise of Hierapolis and Laodicea. The modern village Khonas is about three miles distant from the ancient ruins. (골01:2 골로새에 있는 성도들 곧 그리스도 안에서 신실한 형제들에게 편지하노니 우리 아버지 하나님으로부터 은혜와 평강이 너희에게 있을지어다 (골01:7 이와 같이 우리와 함께 종 된 사랑하는 에바브라에게 너희가 배웠나니 그는 너희를 위하여 그리스도의 신실한 일군이요 (골02:1 내가 너희와 라오디게아에 있는 자들과 무릇 내 육신의 얼굴을 보지 못한 자들을 위하여 어떻게 힘쓰는 것을 너희가 알기를 원하노니 (몬01:22 오직 너는 나를 위하여 처소를 예비하라 너희 기도로 내가 너희에게 나아가게 하여 주시기를 바라노라 (골04:9 신실하고 사랑을 받는 형제 오네시모를 함께 보내노니 그는 너희에게서 온 사람이라 저희가 여기 일을 다 너희에게 알게 하리라 --- Morrish Bible Dictionary lt=37.7833333&ln=29.25