▶ 호세아 Hosea. [Hose'a] 

Nothing is related of the ancestors of the prophet Hosea. (whose name is identical with Hoshea) except that he was the son of Beeri. He prophesied in the reigns of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah, and of Jeroboam king of Israel. He is especially occupied with the moral condition of the people, principally of Israel, and the judgements that would follow. Israel is treated as in rebellion from the commencement. The prophecy divides itself thus: Hosea 1- Hosea 3 give God's purposes respecting Israel; and in Hosea 4 — Hosea 14 the people are addressed: there are minor sub-divisions.

Hosea was to act a parable, by taking a 'wife of whoredoms,' which may mean that the woman that he was to take would be unfaithful to him; but grace abounds over sin. Hosea's wife was symbolical of Israel who had been unfaithful to Jehovah. He took Gomer the daughter of Diblaim, who bore him a son, who, by the Lord's direction, was called Jezreel. (a place that had witnessed the judgements of God. 2 Kings 9:30-37). The prophet's wife then bare a daughter, and her name was called Lo-ruhamah, 'not having obtained mercy:' no more mercy was to be shown to Israel. Again Gomer bare a son, and called his name Lo-ammi, 'not my people:' God would not acknowledge them as His. But a future blessing is at once announced to them, and those who had no claim to be God's people should be called 'sons of the living God.' Paul applies this to the Gentiles in Rom. 9:26, as he does in Rom. 9:25 to the Jews (where Hosea, is called OSEE).

(왕하09:30-37 이세벨의 죽음

(롬09:25-26 25 호세아 글에도 이르기를 내가 내 백성 아닌 자를 내 백성이라, 사랑치 아니한 자를 사랑한 자라 부르리라 26 너희는 내 백성이 아니라 한 그 곳에서 저희가 살아 계신 하나님의 아들이라 부름을 얻으리라 함과 같으니라


Hosea 2. This introduces a remnant, the 'brethren' and 'sisters' of the prophet, those acted upon by the Spirit, to whom God's message was Ammi, 'my people;' and Ruhamah, 'received in mercy.' They will plead with their mother — Israel in the mass — and tell her that she was not the wife of Jehovah. She must be dealt with in judgement, but the valley of Achor (where God's anger was turned away, Joshua 7:26) should be a door of hope. She will be able to call Jehovah Ishi, 'husband,' and not Baali, 'master.' Those that had not obtained mercy will obtain mercy; and those that had been declared 'not God's people' would be able to say, 'Thou art my God.' Cf. 1 Peter 2:10.

(수07:26 그 위에 돌 무더기를 크게 쌓았더니 오늘날까지 있더라 여호와께서 그 극렬한 분노를 그치시니 그러므로 그곳 이름을 오늘날까지 아골 골짜기라 부르더라

(벧전02:10 너희가 전에는 백성이 아니더니 이제는 하나님의 백성이요 전에는 긍휼을 얻지 못하였더니 이제는 긍휼을 얻은 자니라

(호02: 이스라엘의 죄에 대한 징계 목적

Hosea 3. This deals with the past, the present, and the future. Other details are given of their unfaithfulness and rejection. They should be many days without a king, or a sacrifice, or even an idol (as is the state of Israel in the present day); but they will afterwards return, and seek Jehovah and their king, that is Christ.

(호03: 이스라엘을 속량하신 하나님

Hosea 4. This commences the appeal to their consciences. The sins of the people are pointed out. Their prophets had failed, and the people were destroyed for lack of knowledge. The priests also had failed and it became 'like people, like priest.' In Hosea 4:15 Judah is warned not to follow the evil example of Israel. In Hosea 4:17, as elsewhere, Israel is called Ephraim, that being the chief of the ten tribes.

(호04:15 이스라엘아 너는 행음하여도 유다는 죄를 범치 말아야 할 것이라 너희는 길갈로 가지 말며 벧아웬으로 올라가지 말며 여호와의 사심을 가리켜 맹세하지 말지어다

(호04:17 에브라임이 우상과 연합하였으니 버려두라


Hosea 5. The priests, the people, and the king are addressed. They had all sinned, and had been rebuked, but had not returned to Jehovah. Ephraim, instead of turning to Jehovah in his sickness, had sought the Assyrian — a king who could not cure them.

(호05: 이스라엘의 죄악과 하나님의 심판

Hosea 6, Hosea 7. The prophet touchingly appeals to the people to return to Jehovah: it must be in reality, and not merely in outward forms. They had, like Adam (Hosea 6:7, instead of 'men'), transgressed the covenant: cf. Rom. 5:14. The people encouraged the king and princes in their wickedness: their weakness was manifest, for strangers had devoured them. They would not turn to the Most High.

(호06:7 저희는 아담처럼 언약을 어기고 거기서 내게 패역을 행하였느니라

(롬05:14 그러나 아담으로부터 모세까지 아담의 범죄와 같은 죄를 짓지 아니한 자들 위에도 사망이 왕 노릇 하였나니 아담은 오실 자의 표상이라

(호06: 이스라엘에 대한 책망과 회개 촉구

(호07: 이스라엘의 여러 가지 죄악과 징벌

Hosea 8. They are still threatened for their impiety. Israel had 'made many altars to sin,' and had leaned upon Assyria, an arm of flesh. Judah had trusted to her fenced cities: judgement should fall upon both.


Hosea 9. This reveals a touching mixture of the prophet's affection for the people, and the judgements he is compelled to utter against them. Various illustrations are used to enforce his words.

(호09: 이스라엘에 대한 심판 경고

Hosea 10. Israel was an empty vine. They are reproached for their altars and the golden calves: they had sinned from the days of Gibeah. Cf. Judges 19:15-25.


(호10: 이스라엘의 죄악과 보응

Hosea 11.  Israel had been called out of Egypt, but the fulfilment of this call was verified in the history of the Lord. Matt. 2:15. For their sin they should be as Admah and Zeboim: cf. Deut. 29:23. Assyria should be the place of their captivity. Jehovah yearned over them and would not destroy them, for He is God, not man.

(마02:15 헤롯이 죽기까지 거기 있었으니 이는 주께서 선지자로 말씀하신 바 애굽에서 내 아들을 불렀다 함을 이루려 하심이니라

(신29:23 그 온 땅이 유황이 되며 소금이 되며 또 불에 타서 심지도 못하며 결실함도 없으며 거기 아무 풀도 나지 아니함이 옛적에 여호와께서 진노와 분한으로 훼멸하신 소돔과 고모라와 아드마와 스보임의 무너짐과 같음을 보고 말할 것이요


Hosea 12.  The prophet enters into the detail of God's moral relationship with Israel, in order that the force of their being rejected by Him may convict them of their sin. They were to study how God had dealt with Jacob. The prophet in this chapter, as also in Hosea 10:9, refers to the beginning of evil in the history of the people. Jacob's character was reproduced in his descendants.

(호10:9 이스라엘아 네가 기브아의 시대로부터 범죄하였거늘 무리가 기브아에 서서 흉악한 족속을 치는 전쟁을 거기서 면하였도다

(호12: 이스라엘에 대한 회개 촉구

Hosea 13. Here again is found the conflict between the prophet's affection for the people, and the punishment God was compelled to inflict. And here again, almost as soon as the punishment is pronounced, God's thoughts of grace are uttered.

(호13: 이스라엘의 죄악에 대한 징계와 구원

Hosea 14. This speaks of restoration. Iniquity is acknowledged and forgiveness asked. Assyria shall no more be appealed to, nor the work of their hands be called their God. Abundant blessing is then foretold. Ephraim will say, "What have I to do any more with idols?" God's answer, "I have heard him and observed him."  Again Ephraim says, "I am like a green fir tree;" and the answer is, "From me is thy fruit found." The prophecy ends with the declaration that the wise and the prudent will grasp the things revealed; "for the ways of the Lord are right, and the just shall walk in them; but the transgressors shall fall therein."

Thus the dealings of God with Israel and Judah are dealt with in Hosea more fully perhaps than in any other of the minor prophets. The learned look upon Hosea as the most difficult of the prophets to translate, its abrupt transitions being numerous and hard to understand, because of its dealing strictly with Jewish circumstances.


--- Morrish Bible Dictionary

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