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KHRV+KJV+Mattew Henry Commentary
( 2 Kings 19 )
Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible (Complete)에서
In this chapter we have a further repetition of the story which we had before in the book of Kings concerning Sennacherib. In the foregoing chapter we had him conquering and threatening to conquer. In this chapter we have him falling, and at last fallen, in answer to prayer, and in fulfillment of many of the prophecies which we have met with in the foregoing chapters. Here we have, I. Hezekiah’s pious reception of Rabshakeh’s impious discourse (v. 1). II. The gracious message he sent to Isaiah to desire his prayers (v. 2-5). III. The encouraging answer which Isaiah sent to him from God, assuring him that God would plead his cause against the king of Assyria (v. 6, 7). IV. An abusive letter which the king of Assyria sent to Hezekiah, to the same purport with Rabshakeh’s speech (v. 8–13). V. Hezekiah’s humble prayer to God upon the receipt of this letter (v. 14–20). VI. The further full answer which God sent him by Isaiah, promising him that his affairs should shortly take a happy turn, that the storm should blow over and every thing should appear bright and serene (v. 21–35). VII. The immediate accomplishment of this prophecy in the ruin of his army (v. 36) and the murder of himself (v. 37, 38). All this was largely opened, 2 Ki. 19.
Verses 1-7 We may observe here, 1. That the best way to baffle the malicious designs of our enemies against us is to be driven by them to God and to our duty and so to fetch meat out of the eater. Rabshakeh intended to frighten Hezekiah from the Lord, but it proves that he frightens him to the Lord. The wind, instead of forcing the traveller’s coat from him, makes him wrap it the closer about him. The more Rabshakeh reproaches God the more Hezekiah studies to honour him, by rending his clothes for the dishonour done to him and attending in his sanctuary to know his mind. 2. That it well becomes great men to desire the prayers of good men and good ministers. Hezekiah sent messengers, and honourable ones, those of the first rank, to Isaiah, to desire his prayers, remembering how much his prophecies of late had plainly looked towards the events of the present day, in dependence upon which, it is probable, he doubted not but that the issue would be comfortable, yet he would have it to be so in answer to prayer: This is a day of trouble, therefore let it be a day of prayer. 3. When we are most at a plunge we should be most earnest in prayer: Now that the children are brought to the birth, but there is not strength to bring forth, now let prayer come, and help at a dead lift. When pains are most strong let prayers be most lively; and, when we meet with the greatest difficulties, then is a time to stir up not ourselves only, but others also, to take hold on God. Prayer is the midwife of mercy, that helps to bring it forth. 4. It is an encouragement to pray though we have but some hopes of mercy (v. 4): It may be the Lord thy God will hear; who knows but he will return and repent? The it may be of the prospect of the haven of blessings should quicken us with double diligence to ply the oar of prayer. 5. When there is a remnant left, and but a remnant, it concerns us to lift up a prayer for that remnant, v. 4. The prayer that reaches heaven must be lifted up by a strong faith, earnest desires, and a direct intention to the glory of God, all which should be quickened when we come to the last stake. 6. Those that have made God their enemy we have no reason to be afraid of, for they are marked for ruin; and, though they may hiss, they cannot hurt. Rabshakeh has blasphemed God, and therefore let not Hezekiah be afraid of him, v. 6. He has made God a party to the cause by his invectives, and therefore judgment will certainly be given against him. God will certainly plead his own cause. 7. Sinners’ fears are but prefaces to their falls. He shall hear the rumour of the slaughter of his army, which shall oblige him to retire to his own land, and there he shall be slain, v. 7. The terrors that pursue him shall bring him at last to the king of terrors, Job 18:11, 14. The curses that come upon sinners shall overtake them.
Verses 21-38 We may here observe, 1. That those who receive messages of terror from men with patience, and send messages of faith to God by prayer, may expect messages of grace and peace from God for their comfort, even when they are most cast down. Isaiah sent a long answer to Hezekiah’s prayer in God’s name, sent it in writing (for it was too long to be sent by word of mouth), and sent it by way of return to his prayer, relation being thereunto had: "Whereas thou hast prayed to me, know, for thy comfort, that thy prayer is heard.’’ Isaiah might have referred him to the prophecies he had delivered (particularly that ch. 10) and bid him pick out an answer from thence; but, that he might have abundant consolation, a message is sent him on purpose. The correspondence between earth and heaven is never let fall on God’s side. 2. Those who magnify themselves, especially who magnify themselves against God and his people, do really vilify themselves, and made themselves contemptible, in the eyes of all wise men: "The virgin, the daughter of Zion, has despised Sennacherib, and all his impotent malice and menaces; she knows that, while she preserves her integrity, she is sure of the divine protection, and that though the enemy may bark he cannot bite. All his threats are a jest; it is all but brutum fulmen—a mere flash,’’ 3. Those who abuse the people of God affront God himself; and he takes what is said and done against them as said and done against himself: "Whom hast thou reproached? Even the Holy One of Israel, whom thou hast therefore reproached because he is a Holy One.’’ And it aggravated the indignity Sennacherib did to God that he not only reproached him himself, but set his servants on to do the same: By thy servants, the abjects, thou hast reproached me. 4. Those who boast of themselves and their own achievements reflect upon God and his providence: "Thou hast said, I have digged, and drunk water; I have done mighty feats, and will do more; and wilt not own that I have done it,’’ v. 24–26. The most active men are no more than God makes them, and God makes them no more than of old he designed to make them: "What I have formed of ancient times, in an eternal counsel, now have I brought to pass’’ (for God does all according to the counsel of his will), "that thou shouldst be to lay waste defenced cities; it is therefore intolerable arrogance to make it thy own doing.’’ 5. All the malice, and all the motions and projects, of the church’s enemies, are under the cognizance and check of the church’s God. Sennacherib was active and quick, here, and there, and every where, but God knew his going out and coming in, and had always an eye upon him, v. 28. And that was not all; he had a hand upon him too, a strict hand, a strong hand, a hook in his nose and a bridle in his lips, with which, though he was very headstrong and unruly, he could and would turn him back by the way which he came, v. 29. Hitherto he shall come and no further. God had signed Sennacherib’s commission against Judah (ch. 10:6); here he supersedes it. He has frightened them, but he must not hurt them, and therefore is discharged from going any further; nay, his commitment is here signed, by which he is clapped up, to answer for what he had done beyond his commission. 6. God is his people’s bountiful benefactor, as well as their powerful protector, both a sun and a shield to those that trust in him. Jerusalem shall be defended (v. 35), the besiegers shall not come into it, no, nor come before it with any regular attack, but they shall be routed before they begin the siege, v. 33. But this is not all; God will return in mercy to his people, and will do them good. Their land shall be more than ordinarily fruitful, so that their losses shall be abundantly repaired; they shall not feel any of the ill effects either of the enemies’ wasting the country or of their own being taken off from husbandry. But the earth, as at first, shall bring forth of itself, and they shall live and live plentifully upon its spontaneous productions. The blessing of the Lord can, when he pleases, make rich without the hand of the diligent. And let them not think that the desolations of their country would excuse them from observing the sabbatical year, which happened (as it should seem) the year after, and when they were not to plough or sow; no, though they had not now their usual stock beforehand for that year, yet they must religiously observe it, and depend upon God to provide for them. God must be trusted in the way of duty. 7. There is no standing before the judgments of God when they come with commission. (1.) The greatest numbers cannot stand before them: one angel shall, in one night, lay a vast army of men dead upon the spot, when God commissions him so to do, v. 36. Here are 185,000 brave soldiers in an instant turned into so many dead corpses. Many think the 76th Psalm was penned upon occasion of this defeat, where from the spoiling of the stout-hearted, and sending them to sleep their long sleep (v. 5), it is inferred that God is more glorious and excellent than the mountains of prey (v. 4), and that he, even he, is to be feared, v. 7. Angels are employed, more than we are aware of, as ministers of God’s justice, to punish the pride and break the power of wicked men. (2.) The greatest men cannot stand before them: The great king, the king of Assyria, looks very little when he is forced to return, not only with shame, because he cannot accomplish what he had projected with so much assurance, but with terror and fear, lest the angel that had destroyed his army should destroy him; yet he is made to look less when his own sons, who should have guarded him, sacrificed him to his idol, whose protection he sought, v. 37, 38. God can quickly stop their breath who breathe out threatenings and slaughter against his people, and will do it when they have filled up the measure of their iniquity; and the Lord is known by these judgments which he executes, known to be a God that resists the proud. Many prophecies were fulfilled in this providence, which should encourage us, as far as they look further, and are designed as common and general assurances of the safety of the church and of all that trust in God, to depend upon God for the accomplishment of them. He that has delivered does and will deliver. Lord, forgive our enemies; but, so let all thy enemies perish, O Lord!
사37:21 이사야에게 주신 하나님의 말씀
사 37:21 아모스의 아들 이사야가 보내어 히스기야에게 이르되 이스라엘의 하나님 여호와께서 말씀하시되 네가 앗수르 왕 산헤 립의 일로 내게 기도하였도다 하시고
사 37:22 여호와께서 그에 대하여 이같이 이르시되 처녀 딸 시온이 너를 멸시하며 조소하였고 딸 예루살렘이 너를 향하여 머리 를 흔들었 느니라
사 37:23 네가 훼방하며 능욕한 것은 누구에게냐 네가 소리를 높이며 눈을 높이 들어 향한 것은 누구에게냐 곧 이스라엘의 거룩 한 자에게 니라
사 37:24 네가 네 종으로 주를 훼방하여 이르기를 내가 나의 허다한 병거를 거느리고 산들의 꼭대기에 올라가며 레바논의 깊은 곳에 이르렀으니 높은 백향목과 아름다운 향나무를 베고 또 그 한계되는 높은 곳에 들어가며 살진 땅의 수풀에 이를 것이며
사 37:25 내가 우물을 파서 물을 마셨으니 나의 발바닥으로 애굽의 모든 하수를 밟아 말리리라 하였도다
사 37:26 네가 어찌 듣지 못하였겠느냐 이 일들은 내가 태초부터 행한 바요 상고부터 정한 바로서 이제 내가 이루어 너로 견고 한 성을 헐어 돌무더기가 되게 하였노라
사 37:27 그러므로 그 거민들이 힘이 약하여 놀라며 수치를 당하여 들의 풀같이,푸른 나물 같이,지붕의 풀 같이,자라지 못한 곡 초 같았었느니라
사 37:28 네 거처와 네 출입과 나를 거스려 분노함을 내가 아노라
사 37:29 네가 나를 거스려 분노함과 네 오만함이 내 귀에 들렸으므로 내가 갈고리로 네 코를 꿰며 자갈을 네 입에 먹여 너를 오던 길로 돌아가게 하리라 하셨나이다
사 37:30 왕이여 이것이 왕에게 징조가 되리니 금년에는 스스로 난 것을 먹을 것이요 제 이년에는 또 거기서 난 것을 먹을 것이 요 제 삼 년에는 심고 거두며 포도나무를 심고 그 열매를 먹을 것이니이다
사 37:31 유다 족속 중에 피하여 남는 자는 다시 아래로 뿌리를 박고 위로 열매를 맺히리니
사 37:32 이는 남는 자가 예루살렘에서 나오며 피하는 자가 시온에서 나올 것임이라 만군의 여호와의 열심이 이를 이루시리이다
사 37:33 그러므로 여호와께서 앗수르 왕에 대하여 가라사대 그가 이 성에 이르지 못하며 한 살도 이리로 쏘지 못하며 방패를 가지고 성에 가까이 오지도 못하며 흉벽을 쌓고 치지도 못할 것이요
사 37:34 그가 오던 길 곧 그 길로 돌아가고 이 성에 이르지 못하리라 나 여호와의 말이니라
사 37:35 대저 내가 나를 위하며 내 종 다윗을 위하여 이 성을 보호하며 구원하리라 하셨나이다
사37:36 약속을 이룸
사 37:36 여호와의 사자가 나가서 앗수르 진중에서 십 팔만 오천인을 쳤으므로 아침에 일찌기 일어나 본즉 시체 뿐이라
사 37:37 이에 앗수르 왕 산헤립이 떠나 돌아가서 니느웨에 거하더니
사 37:38 자기 신 니스록의 묘에서 경배할 때에 그 아들 아드람멜렉과 사레셀이 그를 칼로 죽이고 아라랏 땅으로 도망한고로 그 아들 에 살핫돈이 이어 왕이 되니라
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Dictionary - Chapter, OT구약, NT신약,
1창세기[Genesis] 2출애굽기[Exodus] 3레위기[Leviticus] 4민수기[Numbers] 5신명기[Deuteronomy] 6여호수아[Joshua] 7사사기[Judges] 8룻기[Ruth] 9사무엘상[I Samuel] 10사무엘하[II Samuel] 11열왕기상[I Kings] 12열왕기하[II Kings] 13역대상[I Chronicles] 14역대하[II Chronicles] 15에스라[Ezra] 16느헤미아[Nehemiah] 17에스더[Esther] 18욥기[Job] 19시편[Psalms] 20잠언[Proverbs] 21전도서[Ecclesiastes] 22아가[Song of Solomon] 23이사야[Isaiah] 24예레미야[Jeremiah] 5예레미아애가[Lamentations] 26에스겔[Ezekiel] 27다니엘[Daniel] 28호세아[Hosea] 29요엘[Joel] 30아모스[Amos] 31오바댜[Obadiah] 32요나[Jonah] 33미가[Micah] 34나훔[Nahum] 35하박국[Habakkuk] 36스바냐[Zephaniah] 37학개[Haggai] 38스가랴[Zechariah] 39말라기[Malachi] 40마태복음[Matthew] 41마가복음[Mark] 42누가복음[Luke] 43요한복음[John] 44사도행전[Acts] 45로마서[Romans] 46고린도전서[I Corinthians] 47고린도후서[II Corinthians] 48갈라디아서[Galatians] 49에베소서[Ephesians] 50빌립보서[Philippians] 51골로새서[Colossians] 52데살로니가전서[I Thessalonian] 53데살로니가후서[2 Thessalonian] 54디모데전서[I Timothy] 55디모데후서[II Timothy] 56디도서[Titus] 57빌레몬서[Philemon] 58히브리서[Hebrews] 59야고보서[James] 60베드로전서[I Peter] 61베드로후서[II Peter] 62요한일서[I John] 63요한이서[II John] 64요한삼서[III John] 65유다서[Jude] 66요한계시록[Revelation] |