20140402 Wednesday, April 2 2014
1 Samuel 16: The Anointing Of David

by Wayne Blank
See also 1 Year Holy Bible Reading Plan

"The LORD said unto Samuel, Look not on his countenance, or on the height of his stature; because I have refused him: for the LORD seeth not as man seeth; for man looketh on the outward appearance, but the LORD looketh on the heart"

Samuel, by then elderly (see 1 Samuel 12: Samuel's Farewell), was forced out of retirement to anoint the LORD's second choice of a king for Israel. Humble and wise Saul had been a good choice, but he soon proved himself unable to apply his abilities beyond himself. He was a strong man (see 1 Samuel 10: King Saul of Israel and 1 Samuel 11: Saul The Deliverer), but a weak leader (see 1 Samuel 13: Saul's Burnt Offering, 1 Samuel 14: Jonathan's Sweet Victory and 1 Samuel 15: Saul's Impeachment).

So it was then that the LORD (Who was and is Jesus Christ - see Genesis 1: In The Beginning Was The Word and The Kingdom Of The LORD God) sent Samuel to Bethlehem (see Bethlehem In History And Prophecy), to the house of Jesse, to anoint a new king from among his sons.

"16:1 And the LORD said unto Samuel, How long wilt thou mourn for Saul, seeing I have rejected him from reigning over Israel? fill thine horn with oil, and go, I will send thee to Jesse the Bethlehemite: for I have provided me a king among his sons.

16:2 And Samuel said, How can I go? if Saul hear it, he will kill me.

And the LORD said, Take an heifer with thee, and say, I am come to sacrifice to the LORD. 16:3 And call Jesse to the sacrifice, and I will shew thee what thou shalt do: and thou shalt anoint unto me him whom I name unto thee." (1 Samuel 16:1-3 KJV)

Saul was a big, strong man - "a head taller" than most other men. There is nothing wrong with that, but Saul had proven that what is desirable as a matter of human politics isn't enough (keeping in mind that it was the people who demanded a king "like the nations around us"; see 1 Samuel 8: Our King May Judge Us). Jesse had sons as physically impressive as Saul, but this time human politics would be left out of the choice. The LORD's election would be based solely upon "Look not on his countenance, or on the height of his stature; because I have refused him: for the LORD seeth not as man seeth; for man looketh on the outward appearance, but the LORD looketh on the heart."

"16:4 And Samuel did that which the LORD spake, and came to Bethlehem. And the elders of the town trembled at his coming, and said, Comest thou peaceably?

16:5 And he said, Peaceably: I am come to sacrifice unto the LORD: sanctify yourselves, and come with me to the sacrifice. And he sanctified Jesse and his sons, and called them to the sacrifice.

16:6 And it came to pass, when they were come, that he looked on Eliab, and said, Surely the LORD'S anointed is before him.

16:7 But the LORD said unto Samuel, Look not on his countenance, or on the height of his stature; because I have refused him: for the LORD seeth not as man seeth; for man looketh on the outward appearance, but the LORD looketh on the heart.

16:8 Then Jesse called Abinadab, and made him pass before Samuel. And he said, Neither hath the LORD chosen this. 16:9 Then Jesse made Shammah to pass by. And he said, Neither hath the LORD chosen this. 16:10 Again, Jesse made seven of his sons to pass before Samuel. And Samuel said unto Jesse, The LORD hath not chosen these. 16:11 And Samuel said unto Jesse, Are here all thy children?

And he said, There remaineth yet the youngest, and, behold, he keepeth the sheep.

And Samuel said unto Jesse, Send and fetch him: for we will not sit down till he come hither.

16:12 And he sent, and brought him in. Now he was ruddy, and withal of a beautiful countenance, and goodly to look to.

And the LORD said, Arise, anoint him: for this is he.

16:13 Then Samuel took the horn of oil, and anointed him in the midst of his brethren: and the Spirit of the LORD came upon David from that day forward. So Samuel rose up, and went to Ramah." (1 Samuel 16:413 KJV)

The anointing of David was moreover an anointing with the Holy Spirit. As stated in the verse above, "Samuel took the horn of oil, and anointed him in the midst of his brethren: and the Spirit of the LORD came upon David from that day forward." When Saul rejected the Word of God, by consistently and deliberately disobeying it, his anointing was removed - and so with it, the Holy Spirit: "the Spirit of the LORD departed from Saul." The evil spirit that then replaced it was a natural and inevitable result of what happens when good has been rejected.

Just as Samuel was given to serve Eli, the man that he was chosen to replace, so too David was given to serve Saul. Like Samuel, it would be a time of not only learning the job, but coming to know the psychology of the man who would have to be removed in due time.

"16:14 But the Spirit of the LORD departed from Saul, and an evil spirit from the LORD troubled him.

16:15 And Saul's servants said unto him, Behold now, an evil spirit from God troubleth thee. 16:16 Let our lord now command thy servants, which are before thee, to seek out a man, who is a cunning player on an harp: and it shall come to pass, when the evil spirit from God is upon thee, that he shall play with his hand, and thou shalt be well.

16:17 And Saul said unto his servants, Provide me now a man that can play well, and bring him to me.

16:18 Then answered one of the servants, and said, Behold, I have seen a son of Jesse the Bethlehemite, that is cunning in playing, and a mighty valiant man, and a man of war, and prudent in matters, and a comely person, and the LORD is with him.

16:19 Wherefore Saul sent messengers unto Jesse, and said, Send me David thy son, which is with the sheep. 16:20 And Jesse took an ass laden with bread, and a bottle of wine, and a kid, and sent them by David his son unto Saul.

16:21 And David came to Saul, and stood before him: and he loved him greatly; and he became his armourbearer. 16:22 And Saul sent to Jesse, saying, Let David, I pray thee, stand before me; for he hath found favour in my sight.

16:23 And it came to pass, when the evil spirit from God was upon Saul, that David took an harp, and played with his hand: so Saul was refreshed, and was well, and the evil spirit departed from him." (1 Samuel 16:14-23 KJV)

Fact Finder: What does the Bible tell us about Jesse, the father of David?
See Jesse The Bethlehemite